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AP - Digestive
Anatomy And Physiology Digestive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Digestive System | The system that processes food into absorbable units and eliminates waste. |
| Digestive Tract | Also known as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, it is the series of organs through which food passes, nutrients are absorbed, and waste is expelled. |
| Accessory Organs | Organs that assist in the digestive process but are not part of the digestive tract, such as the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. |
| Oral Cavity | The mouth, starting point of the digestive tract, where ingestion and the initial processes of digestion occur. |
| Teeth | Structures within the oral cavity that are involved in the mechanical breakdown of food. |
| Salivary Glands | Glands that secrete saliva into the oral cavity, aiding in digestion and lubrication of food. |
| Saliva | A digestive secretion produced by salivary glands that aids in digestion and moistens food to facilitate swallowing. |
| Pharynx | Part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the esophagus and larynx; it is crucial for swallowing. |
| Esophagus | A muscular tube that conveys food from the pharynx to the stomach. |
| Stomach | A hollow organ in which the digestion of food continues after its arrival from the esophagus. |
| Small Intestine | The part of the intestine where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients occurs; includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. |
| Large Intestine | The final section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed and feces are formed. |
| Liver | A large glandular organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, produces bile, and performs many other metabolic roles. |
| Gallbladder | A small organ that stores bile produced by the liver and releases it into the small intestine. |
| Pancreas | An organ that produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, which are released into the small intestine to aid in digestion and absorption. |
| Bile | A digestive fluid produced by the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. |
| Peristalsis | The series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food through the digestive tract. |
| Absorption | The process by which nutrients from foods are taken into the cells of the body after the food has been digested and transported. |
| Duodenum | The first part of the small intestine, where a significant amount of digestion and absorption occurs. |
| Jejunum | The middle section of the small intestine, where the majority of nutrient absorption occurs. |
| Ileum | The final and longest segment of the small intestine, where the absorption of nutrients is completed. |
| Villi | Small, finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the intestinal wall, enhancing absorption. |
| Microvilli | Even smaller projections on the villi that increase surface area further for maximum nutrient absorption. |
| Feces | Waste matter discharged from the bowels after food has been digested, primarily composed of water, bacteria, and undigested materials. |
| Colon | The largest portion of the large intestine, involved in water and electrolyte absorption and feces formation. |
Created by:
wmtc101
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