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AP - Skeletal
Anatomy And Physiology - Skeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Skeletal System | The organ system that provides structure to the body, supports muscles, and protects organs. |
| Compact Bone | Dense bone tissue that provides strength and rigidity to bones. |
| Spongy Bone | Less dense bone tissue found at the ends of bones and in the inner layers, containing red bone marrow. |
| Long Bone | Bones that are longer than they are wide and contain a shaft and two ends, such as femur and humerus. |
| Axial Skeleton | Part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate. |
| Appendicular Skeleton | Part of the skeleton that includes the limbs and the bones that support them. |
| Skull | The bone structure that forms the head and houses the brain. |
| Vertebrae | Small bones forming the backbone, with projections for articulation and muscle attachment. |
| Vertebral Column | Flexible column formed by a sequence of vertebrae, extending from the neck to the tailbone. |
| Sternum | The breastbone located in the center of the chest which connects to the ribs. |
| Ribs | The curved bones which form the rib cage, enclosing and protecting the chest cavity. |
| Pectoral Girdle | Skeletal framework that provides attachment for the arms. |
| Upper Extremities | The bones of the arms, from the shoulders to the wrists. |
| Pelvic Girdle | Skeletal structure at the base of the spine that supports the lower limbs. |
| Lower Extremities | The bones of the legs, from the hips to the feet. |
| Joints | Structures that connect bones and may allow movements to occur. |
| Articular Cartilage | Smooth tissue which covers the ends of bones at joints to minimize friction. |
| Epiphyseal Line | Layer of cartilage in long bones where growth occurs during childhood and adolescence. |
| Maxillary Bones | Pair of bones that form the upper jaw. |
| Sacrum | Triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and situated between the two hip bones. |
| Patella | Also known as the kneecap, located at the front of the knee joint. |
| Humerus | Bone of the upper arm or forelimb, extending from the shoulder to the elbow. |
| Femur | The thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the body. |
| Tibia | The shin bone, located in the lower leg. |
| Fibula | The calf bone, located alongside the tibia in the lower leg. |
| Clavicle | Also known as the collarbone, it is a bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum. |
| Scapula | The shoulder blade, which connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle. |
| Flat Bones | Bones with a thin, flattened shape that protect internal organs, such as the skull and ribs. |
| Irregular Bones | Bones with complex shapes, such as the vertebrae and many facial bones. |
| Sesamoid Bones | Small independent bones developed in tendons around joints, such as the patella. |
| Bone Marrow | Soft tissue inside bones that produces blood cells. |
| Osteoblasts | Cells that synthesize bone. |
| Osteoclasts | Cells that break down bone tissue. |
| Osteocytes | Mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix. |
| Periosteum | A dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints. |
| Endosteum | A thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of the bony tissue. |
Created by:
wmtc101
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