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ST Circulatory Syst.
Study for Circulatory System test; ST
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| To transport various substances to and from body cells, protect the body against invading microorganisms, and help regulate body temp is a function of ___? | Circulatory System |
| transporting waste products to excretory glands and maintaining ___ are functions of the circulatory system. | homeostasis |
| blood cells and ___ are formed in the red bone marrow. | hemoglobin |
| lymphatic vessels and nodes carry lymph and tissue fluid, help to filter the blood, and manufacture ___ | lymphocytes |
| What part of blood ingests and digests foreign particles in blood, forms antibodies, and releases heparin? | White blood cells |
| what part of blood initiates blood clotting? | platelets |
| what is the liquid part of blood which serves as a means of removing waste from the body cells? | plasma |
| what part of blood transports CO2 and O2? | red blood cells |
| How many RBC's side by side equal 1 inch in length? | 3,000 |
| RBC's don't grow after maturity because they have no ___ | nucleus |
| RBC's are concave and ___ in color | red |
| RBC's are very ___ and elastic | flexible |
| Hemoglobin is composed of iron and ___ | protein |
| RBC's are formed in red bone marrow; millions every ___ | hour |
| the life span of RBC's is ___ days | 120 |
| RBC's break apart in the capillaries of the ___ and spleen | liver |
| WBC's are ___, ameboid like cells | colorless |
| WBC's include nutrophils, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, and ___ | monocytes |
| the function of WBC's include release of heparin, formation of antibodies, and ___ | phagocytosis |
| neutrophils, eosinophiles, and basophils are formed in the ___ bone marrow | red |
| the life span of WBC's is ___ days | 12 |
| ___ is the perentage total of RBC's to blood volume. | hematocrit |
| the hematocrit value for ___ is 42-50% | men |
| the hematocrit value for ___ is 40-48% | women |
| where are platelets formed? | red bone marrow |
| What color is unoxygenated blood carried by veins? | purple or deep red |
| what color is oxygenated blood carried by arteries? | bright red |
| blood tastes slightly ___ | salty |
| blood is composed of 45% cells and 55% ___ | plasma |
| blood contains 78% water and 22% ___ | solids |
| the amount of blood in a person varies with ___ | weight |
| blood plasma is 90% ___ | water |
| O2 and CO2 are ___ | respiratory gases |
| hormones and enzymes are ___ | regulatory substances |
| glucose, amino acids, and fats are ___ | nutrients |
| urea, uric acid, creatine, and lactic acid are ___ | metabolic wastes |
| mineral salts are ___ | electrolytes |
| protective substances in blood plasma are ___ | antibodies |
| 15% of the population is Rh ___ | negative |
| Type A blood receives from ___ | A and O |
| Type A blood donates to ___ | A and AB |
| Type O blood donates to ___ | A, B, AB, and O |
| Type O receives from ___ | O |
| Type B blood donates to ___ | B and AB |
| Type B blood receives from ___ | B and O |
| Type AB blood donates to ___ | AB |
| Type AB blood receives from ___ | A, B, AB, and O |
| When cells are injured, ___ release thromboplastin as part of the blood clotting mechanism | platelets |
| the liver releases prothrombin and ___ | fibrinogen |
| thrombin plus fibrinogen form ___, a network of fine threads which catch RBC's | fibrin |
| the network becomes a blood clot, called a ___ | thrombus |
| the heart weighs about 250-350 ___ | grams |
| the lower border of the heart lies on the diaphragm and is called the ___ | apex |
| the upper border of the heart lies below the 2nd rib and is called the ___ | base |
| the ___ goes from base to apex to divide the heart into right and left halves | septum |
| the right half of the heart contains ___ blood | venous |
| the halves of the heart are divided into upper and lower by ___, forming the 4 chambers | valves |
| the heart is composed of 3 layers, the epicardium, the myocardium, and the ___ | endocardium |
| the covering of the heart consists of 2 parts and is called the ___ | pericardium |
| the inner serous layer of the covering of the heart is called the ___ | visceral pericardium |
| the outer fibrous layer which forms the loose fitting sac in which the heart lies is the ___ | parietal pericardium |
| an excessive amount of fluid in the pericardial space is called pericardial ___ | effusion |
| the vicseral pericardium, is also the serous membrane adherent to the outside of the heart and called the ___ | epicardium |
| the lower chambers of the heart are the ___ | ventricles |
| the left atrial chamber receives ___ blood | oxygenated |
| the left ___ chamber pumps oxygenated blood to tissue | ventricular |
| the right ___ receives deoxygenated blood | atrium |
| the right ventricle pumps ___ blood to the lungs | deoxygenated |
| the atria are ___ chambers | receiving |
| the ventricles are ___ chambers | pumping |
| the heart valve named for it's 3 flaps or cusps is the ___ valve | tricuspid |
| the heart valve which lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle is the ___ valve is the ___ valve | mitral valve |
| the mitral valve is also called the ___ valve, named for it's 2 flaps or cusps | bicuspid |
| the tricuspid valve lies between the ___ atrium and ventricle | right |
| which has thicker walls, the ventricles or the atria? | ventricles |
| which chamber has the thickest walls? | left ventricle |
| to supply the heart, coronary arteries branch off the ___ | aorta |
| do coronary arteries cross the heart or encirle it? | encircle |
| do coronary arteries lie in the myocardium or in the fatty tissue surrounding the heart? | fatty tissue |
| what exactly do the coronary arteries supply with blood? | myocardium |
| coronary veins return the blood used by the cardial tissue directly to the right ___ | atrium |
| how many sets of motor nerve fibers is the heart supplied with? | 2 |
| one set of nerves reach the heart thru the ___ nerve and craniosacral system, and helps to slow/stop the heartbeat | vagus |
| one set of nerves reach the heart thru the spinal cord and ___ system and helps to augment or quicken the heartrate | thoracolumbar |
| both sets of nerves are connected with the cardiac center found in the ___ | medulla oblongata |
| arteries are composed of ___ layers | 3 |
| arteries carry oxygenated blood ___ from the heart beginning at the aorta | away |
| arteries break up into ___ and capillaries | arterioles |
| the large trunk artery is the ___ | aorta |
| veins are composed of 3 coats, and are often provided with ___ to prevent backflow | valves |
| small veins are called ___ | venules |
| the 2 large trunk veins are the superior and inferior ___ | vena cava |
| 2 sets of veins are found in most body parts; superficial veins close to the skin, and deep veins which usually accompany an ___ | artery |
| ___ connect arterioles and venules | capillaries |
| capillaries transport nutrients and waste to and from cells by ___ | osmosis |
| 1 square inch of muscle has ___ capillaries | 1 1/2 million |
| the circulation of blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium is called ___ circulation | pulmonary |
| the circulation of blood from the left venticle to the body and back to the right atrium is ___ circulation | systemic |
Created by:
bellajerrent429
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