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Judicial Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Appeal To ask a higher court to reverse the decision of a lower court after final judgment or other legal ruling
Jurisdiction A court’s authority to hear and decide cases
Exclusive Jurisdiction The authority only federal courts to hear and decide cases
Concurrent Jurisdiction The authority both federal and state courts to hear and decide cases
Original Jurisdiction The authority of a court to hear cases for the first time
Appellate Jurisdiction The authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court
Ruling An official decision by a judge or a court that settles a case and may also establish the meaning of a law
Opinion A detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court’s decision in a case
Precedent A ruling that used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case
Litigant One of the parties involved in a lawsuit
Tenure The right to hold an office one a person is confirmed
Preliminary Something that introduces or comes before something else
Subpoena An order that requires a person to appear in court
Nullify to cancel legally
Writ of Certiorari An order a higher court issues a lower court to obtain the records of the lower court in a particular case
Docket A court’s calendar showing the schedule of cases it is to hear
Stare Decisis The practice of using earlier judicial rulings as a basis for deciding cases
Concurring Opinion A statement written by a justice who votes with the majority, but for different reasons than the others
Dissenting Opinion A statement written by a justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her own opinion
Unanimous Opinion A Supreme Court ruling on a case in which all justices agree on the ruling
Created by: acase
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