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ANAT 411 BC organs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lung; 3 lobes; oblique fissure; horizontal fissure; superior, middle, and inferior lobes | right lung |
| lung, 2 lobes, oblique fissure, smaller because heart is there too, superior and inferior lobes, lingula | left lung |
| where does the trachea bifurcate | T4 and sternal angle |
| how many bronchopulmonary segments (bronchovascular unit of lung and each has their own individual segmental branches and artery) are in each lung | 10 |
| surrounds the heart and roots of great vessels; layers are fibrous pericardium, pericardial layer of serous pericardium, pericardial fluid, visceral layer of serous pericardium, myocardium, endocardium | pericardial sac |
| part of internal heart; received blood from superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus; contains the fossa ovalis | right atrium |
| part of internal heart, marks location of embryonic foramen ovale which allows blood circulation to bypass the lungs before birth | fossa ovalis |
| part of internal heart; found between R. atrium and ventricle; 3 valves: septal, ant., post.; 3 muscles: septal, ant., and post.; held up by chordae tendinae | tricuspid valve |
| part of internal heart, deoxygenated blood leaves and enters the lungs, pulmonary trunk, most of tricuspid found here, pulmonary valve | right ventricle |
| part of internal heart, contains pulmonary sinuses (when closed, blood will pool here until open again) | pulmonary valve |
| part of internal heart, oxygenated blood enters here | left atrium |
| part of internal heart, 2 valves: ant. and post., 2 muscles: ant. and post., between L. atrium and ventricle, chordae tendinae hold it up | bicuspid valve |
| part of internal heart, blood leaves through the aorta | left ventricle |
| heart sound, caused by closure of tricuspid and bicuspid valves at onset of ventricular systole | 1st "lub" sound |
| heart sound, caused by closure of aortic and pulmonary valves (and vibration of walls of heart and major vessels) at onset of ventricular diastole | 2nd "dub" sound |
| sac-like dilation of alimentary canal, closed off by sphincters | stomach |
| cardia (closest to heart), fundus (grows faster than front part), body, pylorus (contains a thickening of muscle) | components of stomach |
| lower esophageal sphincter (superior) and pyloric sphincter (inferior) | sphincters of stomach |
| travels through esophageal hiatus at T10 in the diaphragm | esophagus |
| inferior vena cava (T8), esophagus (T10), and aorta (T12) travel through this from thorax to abdomen | diaphragm |
| largest gland in the body, next to skin is the largest organ, has an ant. and post. mesentery unlike other organs | liver |
| right, left, caudate, quadrate | lobes of liver |
| where the portal triad communicates with the liver | porta hepatis |
| fibrous remnant of umbilical v., inferior free edge of falciform ligament | round ligament/ligamentum teres of liver |
| green sac on inferior surface of right lobe; actions: receives, concentrates, and stores bile that's produced in the liver; bile moves into the duodenum | gallbladder |
| right and left hepatic ducts combine to form common hepatic duct, cystic duct will join with common hepatic duct to form common bile duct, common bile duct will combine with main pancreatic duct to form the ampulla | biliary duct system |
| large, flat, and finely lobulated gland associated with duodenum; produces both exocrine and endocrine secretions; clinically tied to diabetes | pancreas |
| 1st, shortest, and widest part of small intestine; receives both bile and pancreatic juices from common bile duct and main pancreatic duct | duodenum |
| superior (cap): associated with stomach, descending, horizontal, ascending | parts of duodenum |
| main pancreatic duct and accessory pancreatic duct | pancreatic ducts |
| begins in the tail, runs along entire pancreas and carries pancreatic juice containing enzymes, joins bile duct to form "ampulla of vater" before entering 2nd part of duodenum at major duodenal papilla | main pancreatic duct |
| irregular, roughly-shaped, lymphoid organ that is closely related to foregut; protected by thoracic cage; post. to stomach; filters erythrocytes | spleen |
| extension of muscular tissue, origin: right crus of diaphragm (suspends the flexure), actions: assists in diagnosis of malrotation of gut | duodenojejunal fissure |
| 2nd part of alimentary canal, small external diameter, less arterial branches, large internal diameter, less fat in mesentery, straight arteries (vesa recta), bumpy folds | jejunum |
| 3rd part of alimentary canal, large external diameter, more arterial branches, small internal diameter, more fat in mesentery, arterial arcades/loops, smooth folds | ileum |
| between ileum and large intestine, ileal papilla | ileocecal junction |
| supplied by appendicular a. | appendix |
| adipose tissue that comes off of large intestine | epiploic appendages |
| bulbous, increases internal surface area which allows for more storage of waste and water extraction | haustra |
| longitudinal ribbons that contract to produce haustra and are continuous with the vermiform appendix | teniae coli |
| area for storage prior to excretion | rectum |
| terminal part of digestive tract (2.5-3.5 cm), begins at level of u-shaped sling formed by puborectalis m. (inf. aspect of pelvic diaphragm) | anal canal |
| involuntary sphincter surrounding superior 2/3 of the anal canal, tonically contracted to prevent leakage of fluid or flatus | internal anal sphincter |
| inferior 2/3, voluntary sphincter that maintains continence when internal anal sphincter is released, innervated by pudendal n. | external anal sphincter |
| serrated line formed by anal columns, anal sinuses are between anal columns, below the line hemorrhoids will cause sharp pain, above the line hemorrhoids will cause dull achy pains | pectinate line |
| play an important role in homeostasis by conserving fluids and electrolytes and disposing of metabolic waste, highly vascular, located in retroperitoneum | kidneys |
| about what % of blood supply to the kidneys come from the heart | 25% |
| ~1.4 million in each kidney, each consists of corpuscule and long epithelial renal tubule | nephron |
| which kidney is more inferior than the other due to relationship with liver | right |
| dense fibroconnective tissue that envelopes the kidneys | renal capsule |
| kidneys and paired suprarenal glands are enveloped by what | perirenal fat capsule |
| entrance to a space within kidney called a renal sinus | renal hilum |
| major and minor calices lie within renal sinuses and continue as what | ureter |
| extends to form renal columns, which divide inner renal medulla to give renal pyramids; apex is surrounded by minor calyx | renal cortex |
| long muscular ducts that are ~10 in. long, formed from renal pelvis and travels inferiorly and retroperitoneally, carries urine from kidney to bladder | ureters |
| pass anteriorly to bifurcation of iliac arteries and posterior to gonadal a. and v. ("water" under the "bridge"), enter the posterosuperior angle of bladder to aid in formation of trigone of bladder | ureters |
| produce sex hormones, aldosterone, and cortisol; located next to kidneys due to direct impact on BP and filtration patterns | adrenal glands |
| most anterior to pelvis; parts: apex, peritoneum, urethra, urachus, ureter, ejaculatory duct, prostate gland | urinary bladder |
| bladder, shorter urethra, uterus flexed over bladder | females |
| bladder, longer urethra, presence of prostate | males |
| continuation of duct of epididymis, where it will ascend through spermatic cord to pelvis; will enlarge to form an ampulla before it joins seminal vesicle and forms ejaculatory duct | ductus (vas) deferens |
| surrounds prostatic urethra, surrounded by a prostatic capsule, and can be divided into several different zones and lobes; ejaculatory duct runs through this | prostate |
| opens into prostatic sinuses and sit on either side of seminal colliculis in prostatic urethra | prostatic ducts |
| 3 bodies of erectile tissue that make up penis | corpora cavernosum and corpus spongiosum |
| anchors foreskin tissue | frenulum |
| between shaft and glans of penis | corona |
| pre-prostatic, prostatic, membranous, and spongy | parts of male urethra (proximal to distal) |
| formed by 2 layers of peritoneum that extend from lateral side of uterus to the lateral pelvic wall | broad ligament of uterus |
| mesosalpinx (uterine tubes), mesovarium (ovaries), and mesometrium (uterus) | parts of broad ligament of uterus |
| thick-walled reproductive organ that sits posterior to bladder and anterior to rectum, considered moveable depending on position and distention of adjacent organs | uterus |
| body of uterus is ____ over cervix which is situated over superior surface of bladder | anteflexed |
| cervix is angled forward over the vagina which is referred to as ____ | anteverted |
| fibromuscular tube that joins the internal reproductive organs to the external environment | vagina |
| has uterine portion (transverses uterine wall and contains uterotuberal junction), isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, and fimbriae | uterine / fallopian tubes |
| female gonad, functions to produce ova and secrete hormones such as estrogen and progesterone | ovary |
| lateral pole of ovary is tethered by which ligament which is a peritoneal fold that surrounds the ovarian vessels and nerves, contains gonadal a. and v. | suspensory ligament of ovary |
| medial pole of ovary is tethered by which ligament and is a remnant of the gubernaculum | ligament of ovary |
Created by:
emma.scarmon-coyotes
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