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LITT UK-1-
the common wealth and the restoration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the commonwealth of england/ the interregnum/ the protectorate | (1649-1660) the period when England had no King or Queen. it was instead ruled by a ‘lord protector’. |
| the commonwealth | the association of 54 nations, mostly countries that used to be part of the british empire. |
| Charles I | executed (1649) for treason. England became a republic. Believed in‘ ‘the divine right of kings’, ruled without calling parliament. Had a catholic wife. |
| The English civil war | (1642 - 1651) parliamentarians (roundheads) vs royalists (cavaliers) |
| New model army | victory for the parliamentarians. royalists went into exile. |
| 1642 - 1646 | the first english civil war capture of Charles I |
| 1646 – 1648 | interbellum negotiations between various factions |
| 1648 - 1649 | the second english civil war 1649 - trial and execution of Charles I |
| 1649 - 1651 | the third English civil war Battle of worcester, 1651 |
| Oliver Cromwell became lord protector of england | in 1649, |
| Oliver Cromwell banned | theaters, many sports and dances, Christmas celebrations (puritan government) |
| Oliver Cromwell's succession | his son, Richard Cromwell, the military did not support him and removed him from power. Charles II was called back to take the throne. |
| John Milton | “Paradise Lost” (1667), the most famous epic poem in English , “Eikonoklastes” (1649), which defended the regicide. |
| paradise lost | an epic poem about the fall of man. the temptation of Adam and Eve by satan. the expulsion from the garden of eden. |
| the metaphysical poets | john donne, george herbert. and andrew marvell. use of ‘conceits’ – use elaborate comparisons |
| restauration | 1660 - Charles II - James II - etc. |
| Declaration of Breda | pardon for the regicides except for those who signed Charles I death warrant. |
| Charles II | financial extravagance, sins, french pleasure culture. |
| Restauration theater | became elaborate, scenery, lighting, props. |
| Comedy of manners | upper class characters, sexual relationship involved. |
| William Davenant | managed all theaters allowed in London. |
| William Davenant and Thomas Killigrew | playwrights and producers (royalists) |
| Aphra Behn | the first woman in england to earn her living from writing |
| William Wycherley | (royalist) the country wife (1675) and the plain dealer (1676) |
| Margaret Hughes | first woman actor on stage played desdemona in Shakespeare's othello. |
| The country wife | restoration comedy, the characters do not get their comeuppance |
| rise of journalism | broadsheets ( times) tabloids (not respectable) |
| The age of dryden | master of the heroic couplet “absalom and achitophel” |
| Samuel pepys | diarist, life in the court and important event |
| The great plague of london | 1665 - 1666 , ¼ of london died not refuge outside, only rich could leave |
| The great fire of london | 1666, a bakery, lasted 4 days |
| Alexander pope | mock-heroic “the rape of the lock” |
Created by:
Samhuigyug
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