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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rembrandt | 17th century Dutch painter; painted middle-class Dutch culture |
| Jacques Louis David | 18th century French painter of the Enlightenment |
| Emile | written as an essay on childhood; called for greater love and caring for children |
| foundling home | as a result of the illegitimacy explosion, place where unwanted children were abandoned |
| community controls | methods that societies used in early modern society to regulate the behavior of people |
| Edward Jenner | developed smallpox vaccine from cowpox pus in the 1790s |
| Lady Montagu | publicized the Turkish methods of vaccination against smallpox in Great Britain in the 1720s |
| humoral theory | sickness came from lack of balance of bodily “humors” (fluids) |
| miasmatic theory | sickness spread through bad smells |
| fallow | portion of field left unused each year in order to replenish nutrients |
| gleaning | scavenging for food; method to feed the poor prior to Agricultural Revolution |
| demographic revolution | drastic increase in population that took place from 1650-1800 |
| marginalization | keeping someone in an inferior position; this happened to women in societies that believed they had men to take care of them |