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Digestive system

Terms of the digestive system and their definition.

TermDefinition
mouth Here it begins the process of digestion.
vestibule Area of the mouth between the teeth, lips and cheeks.
oral cavity Area of the mouth inside the dental cavity where the tongue is.
salivary glands They secrete saliva to help the digestive process, maintain dental health and lubricate the mouth for speech.
pharynx Muscles here push the food into the esophagus. It is part of both the respiratory and the digestive system.
epiglottis Flap of elastic cartilage covered wih mucus that directs the food to the esophagus, preventing it from entering the trachea.
esophagus Also known as gullet, it is a muscular tube through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach.
peristalsis Rhythmic contraction and relaxation of muscles in the esophagus that makes the bolus travel down the stomach.
stomach Expandable J-shaped organ joined to the esophagus and the duodenum with a major function in the digestion process.
liver It detoxifies various metabolites, synthesises proteins and produces biochemicals needed for digestion.
pancreas Endocrine and exocrine gland that secretes insulin.
insulin Hormone produced by the pancreas that controls the levels of sugar in the blood.
gallbladder It stores bile produced by the liver.
small intestine Where the most absorption of food takes place. Here, it transforms from the bolus to the chyme.
large intestine Where the food gets slowly digested (12-50 hours) until it is removed by defecation.
bolus Food that has been chewed and mixed with saliva.
chyme Partially-digested semi-liquid food.
anus Ending of the digestive system by where feces are defecated.
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