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Movements @ Joints
Flexion | Movement in the anterior/posterior plane that decreases the angle between 2 bones |
Flexion (ex) | Bending at the elbow |
Extension | Movement in the anterior/posterior plane that increases the angle between 2 bones |
Extension (ex) | straightening at the elbow |
hyperextension | extension past anatomical position is called |
Abduction | Moving a body part laterally, away from the midline or long axis of body |
Abduction (ex) | Lifting the leg out to the side of the body |
Adduction | Moving a body part medially, towards the midline or long axis of the body |
Adduction (ex) | bring legs together |
Elevation | structure moves in a superior direction |
Elevation (ex) | shrugging shoulders |
Depression | Structure moves in an inferior direction |
Depression (ex) | open your mouth |
Supination | Rotation of the wrist from palm posterior to palm anterior or palms face up |
Supination (ex) | holding up soup |
Pronation | Rotation of the wrist from palm anterior to palm posterior or palms face down |
Pronation (ex) | pour out soup |
Inversion | Soles of feet facing towards each other |
Inversion (ex) | walking on outer edge like pigeon toed |
Eversion | the act of turning inside out |
Eversion (ex) | walking on inner edge like duck footed |
Dorsiflexion | Flexion at the ankle joint |
Dorsiflexion (ex) | Stand on heels, lift toes up towards knee |
Plantar flexion | Extension at the ankle joint, elevation of the heel |
Plantar flexion (ex) | Point toes down |
Protraction | forward movement in a horizontal plane |
Retraction | backward movement in a horizontal plane |
Circumduction | Drawing a circle shape in air |
Circumduction (ex) | arm circles |
Rotation | Movement of a body part around its long axis (can be divided into left/right and also inward/outward rotation) |
Rotation (ex) | turning head side to side |