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Muscle Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Function of trapezius | Elevation of scapula; rotates scapula during humerus abduction (above 90 degrees) |
| Nerve of trapezius | CN XI- Spinal Accessory Nerve C3-C4 for proprioception; causes droopy shoulders if injured |
| Artery of trapezius | Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery |
| Function of latissimus dorsi | extensions, adduction, and median rotation of humerus |
| Nerve of latissimus dorsi | Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8) |
| Artery of latissimus dorsi | Thoracodorsal artery |
| Function of levator scapula | elevation of scapula |
| Nerve of rhomboid major and rhomboid minor | Dorsal scapular nerve |
| Artery of levator scapula | Transverse and ascending cervical artery |
| Function of rhomboid major | retract (adduct) and elevate scapula |
| Function of rhomboid minor | retract (adduct) scapula |
| Nerve of levator scapula | Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5) and anterior rami of C3-C4 |
| Artery of rhomboid major | Dorsal scapular artery and deep branch of transverse cervical artery |
| Artery of rhomboid minor | Deep branch of transverse cervical artery |
| Function of serratus posterior superior | elevate ribs 2-5 |
| Nerve of serratus posterior superior | Anterior rami of upper thoracic nerves (T2-T5) |
| Artery of serratus posterior superior and inferior | Segmental intercostal arteries |
| Function of serratus posterior inferior | depress ribs 9-12 (useful during diaphragm contraction) |
| Nerve of serratus posterior inferior | anterior rami of lower thoracic nerves (T9-T12) |
| Function of splenius capitus and splenius cervicis | Bilaterally- Extension of neck Unilaterally- Later flexion on same side of neck |
| Nerve of splenius capitus and splenius cervicis | Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves |
| Artery of splenius capitus and splenius cervicis | Deep cervical and occipital arteries |
| Function of spinalis, iliocostalis, and longissimus | Bilaterally- Extension of vertebral column and head Unilaterally- Lateral flexion of vertebral column |
| Nerve of spinalis, iliocostalis, and longissimus | Posterior rami of spinal nerves |
| Artery of spinalis, iliocostalis, and longissimus | Vertebral, Deep and Transverse Cervical, Intercostal, Lumbar and Lateral Sacral Arteries |
| Function of semispinalis | rotate neck contralaterally and extend vertebral column bilaterally |
| Nerve of semispinalis, multifundus, and rotatores | Posterior rami of spinal nerve |
| Artery of semispinalis, multifundus, and rotatores | Segmental intercostal arteries |
| Function of multifundus | Stabilize vertebrae (back pain) |
| Function of rotatores | stabilization and assist in local extension of vertebrae |
| Function of serratus anterior | Protracts scapula, keep medial border against thoracic wall Rotates scapula up, above 90 (injury= winged scapula) |
| Nerve and artery of serratus anterior | Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7) |
| Function of pectoralis minor | Pulls tips of shoulder down |
| Nerve of pectoralis minor | Median pectoral nerve (C8-T1) |
| Function of pectoralis major | medial rotation, adduction, and flexion of arm |
| Nerve of pectoralis major | Medial (C8-T1) and Lateral pectoral nerve (C6-C8) |
| Artery of pectoralis major and minor | pectoral artery |
| Function of subclavius | anchors and depresses clavicle |
| Nerve of subclavius | nerve to subclavius |
| Artery of subclavius | clavicular artery |
| Function of teres major | medial rotation, adduction, and extension of arm |
| Nerve of teres major | Lower subscapular nerve (C5-T1) |
| Artery of teres major and teres minor | circumflex scapular artery |
| Function of subscapularis | medial rotation of arm |
| Nerve of subscapularis | Upper/lower scapular nerve (C5-T1) |
| Artery of subscapularis, infraspinatus, and supraspinatus | Subscapular artery |
| Function of teres minor and infraspinatus | Lateral rotation of arm |
| Nerve of teres minor and deltoid | axillary nerve (C5-C6) |
| Nerve of infraspinatus and supraspinatus | suprascapular nerve (C5-C6) |
| Function of supraspinatus | Initiate abduction (0-15 degrees) (damage: coracoacromial ligament) |
| Function of deltoid | abduction from 15-90 degrees |
| Artery of deltoid | Deltoid artery (branch of thoracoacromial artery) |
| Function of biceps brachii | forearm flexion and supination; accessory flexor of arm |
| Nerve of biceps brachii and coracobrachialis | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7) |
| Function of coracobrachialis | flexion of arm |
| Function of brachialis | major flexor of forearm |
| Nerve of brachialis | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7) and Radial Nerve |
| Function of triceps brachii | forearm extension; long head= extension & adduction of arm |
| Nerve of triceps brachii | Radial Nerve (C5-T1) |
| Function of pronator teres | Pronation |
| Nerve of pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, & palmaris longus | Median Nerve (C5-T1) |
| Function of flexor carpi radialis | flexes and abducts wrist |
| Function of palmaris longus | flexes wrist and resists shearing forces when gripping |
| Function of flexor carpi ulnaris | flexes and adducts wrists |
| Nerve of flexor carpi ulnaris | Ulnar Nerve (C8-T1) |
| Function of Flexor digitorum superficialis | Flexion of wrist, MCP, and PIP of digits 2-5 |
| Nerve of Flexor digitorum superficialis | Median nerve (C5-T1) |
| Function of flexor pollicis longus | flexion of thumb |
| Nerve of flexor pollicis longus and Pronator Quadratus | Anterior interosseous (median) nerve |
| Function of digitorum profundus | flexion of wrist, and digits 2-5 |
| Nerve of flexor digitorum profundus | Anterior Interosseous (Median) Nerve, (Lateral two digits) and Ulnar Nerve (Medial two digits) |
| Function of Pronator Quadratus | Pronation |
Created by:
Zariea
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