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Southeastern Respira
Southeastern Institute A&P Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Respiratory System Functions | Exchange of Gases, Olfaction, Speech, Homeostasis |
| Nose | Beginning of air conduction |
| Nasal Cavity | “Air conditioning chambers” |
| Meatus | Passageways in nasal cavity |
| Nasal conchae | Walls of the passageways |
| Cilia | Hair-like projections on outer surface of some cells, Clean air by trapping particles |
| Goblet cells | Produce mucus that moisten air & traps particles, Warms blood/mucus |
| Pharynx | Throat, Shared by respiratory & digestive systems, Contains tonsils |
| Larynx | Voice Box |
| Epiglottis | Closes trachea when swallowing (deglutition), “Guardian of the Airways” |
| Thyroid | Adam’s apple which is enlarged due to testosterone in men |
| False Vocal Chords | Superior, Can be trained for use in ventriloquism or 2 ranges for singers |
| True Vocal Chords | Inferior, “Vocal Chords”, Normal voice production |
| Trachea | “Wind Pipe”, From larynx to upper chest |
| Why are there 16-21 half-ring hyaline cartilage in the trachea? | For swallowing and keeps Trachea from collapsing during breath |
| Bronchi | “Large Airways”, Lead air to LungsRight Bronchi |
| Bronchioles | Smaller branched airways extending from bronchi |
| Alveoli | Tiny balloon-like sacs |
| Alveolar Sacs | Groups of alveoli, Look like bunches of grapes where gas exchange happens |
| Surfactants | Phosopholipids that assist in gas exchange by reducing surface tension |
| Lungs | Main organs of breathing |
| Right lung has how many lobes | 3 |
| Left lung has how many lobes | 2 to make room for heart |
| Pleural membrane | Encases both lungs, Secretes serous fluid, Prevents friction allowing lungs to move freely |
| Pleural Cavity | Space that lungs are housed in |
| Respiratory Diaphragm | Primary Muscle of Inspiration, Dome shaped muscle, Divides abdominal & thoracic cavities |
| Breathing | Pulmonary Ventilation |
| Inspiration | Inhalation |
| Expiration | Exhalation |
| Dyspnea | Labored breathing |
| Apnea | Temporary cessation of breathing |
| Hypoxia | Inadequate oxygen @ cellular level, Cyanosis, tachycardia, hypertension, peripheral vasoconstriction, dizziness, and mental confusion |
| Anoxia | Lack of oxygen locally or systemically, Inability of blood to carry oxygen or tissues can’t absorb oxygen from blood |
| What part of the brain controls breathing rhythm | Medulla Oblongata |
Created by:
cmcracken
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