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Lab 6 Anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fibrous Joint | no cavity, synarthroses. |
| Fibrous Joint - suture | Irregular edges of the bones interlock and are united by very short connective tissue fibers, most joints of the skull |
| Fibrous Joint - Syndesmoses | The articulating bones are connected by short ligaments of dense fibrous tissue and the bones do not interlock. Ex: joint at the distal end of the tibia and fibula. |
| Cartilaginous Joint | Articulating bone ends are connected by a plate or pad of cartilage. No cavity. Amphiarthroses |
| Cartilaginous Joint - synchondroses | Bony portions are united by hyaline cartilage. Ex: Articulation of the costal cartilage of the first rib with the sternum Ex: epiphyseal plates in long bones of growing children |
| Cartilaginous Joint - symphyses | Bones are connected by a broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage. Ex: pubic symphysis of the pelvis |
| Synovial Joint | Articulating bone ends are separated by a joint cavity containing synovial fluid. Diarthroses Some move in one plane, some move in multiple Most joints in the body |
| Synovial Joint - Plane (Gliding) | Articulating surfaces are flat or slightly curved, allowing sliding movements in one or two planes. Ex: intercarpal and intertarsal joints; vertebrocostal joints of ribs 2-7 |
| Synovial Joint - Hinge | The rounded process of one bone fits into the concave surface of another to allow movement in one plane(uniaxial), usually flexion and extension. Ex: elbow and interphalangeal joints |
| Synovial Joint - Pivot | The rounded or conical surface of one bone articulates with a shallow depression or foramen in another bone. Allow uniaxial rotation Ex: proximal radioulnar joint, joint between the axis and atlas |
| Synovial Joint - Condyloid | The oval condyle of one bone fits into an ellipsoidal depression in another bone. Biaxial movement Ex: Radiocarpal joint and metacarpophalangeal joints (knuckles) |
| Synovial Joint - Saddle | Articulating surfaces are saddle-shaped; the articulating surface of one bone is convex and the reciprocal surface is concave. Biaxial Ex: Joint between thumb metacarpal and the trapezium of the wrist |
| Synovial Joint - Ball in socket | The ball-shaped head of one bone fits into a cuplike depression of another Multiaxial Joints Ex: Shoulder and Hip joints |
| Flexion | Generally in sagittal plane Decreases angle of joint and reduces distance between 2 bones Typical of Hinge joints Also common in ball-in-socket joints |
| Extension | Movement increases angle of joint and distance between 2 bones or parts of the body If extension is greater than 180 degrees, it is hyperextension |
| Abduction | Movement of a limb away from midline |
| Adduction | Movement of a limb toward midline |
| Rotation | Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis without lateral or medial displacement Common of ball in socket joints Describes movement of the atlas around the odontoid process of the axis |
Created by:
ericowen45
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