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Anatomy Weeks 1-5
Study set
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the structure of organization? | Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ System, Organism |
| What is homeostasis? | A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level |
| What is a negative feeback loop? | A reverse or reduction in the stimuli |
| What is positive feedback? | An increase in the stimuli |
| What is the basic process of life? | metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction |
| What does anterior mean? | The front of the body |
| What does posterior mean? | The back of the body |
| What does superior mean? | Toward the head |
| What does inferior mean? | Away from the head |
| What does medial mean? | Toward the midline |
| What does lateral mean? | Away from the midline |
| What does proximal mean? | Closer to the point of attachemnt |
| What does distal mean? | Away from the point of attachment |
| What does superficial mean? | Toward the surface |
| What does deep mean? | Away from the surface |
| What is the sagitital plane? | divides the body into a right and left side |
| What is the frontal plane? | Divides the body into front and back portions |
| What is the transverse plane? | divides the body into upper and lower sections |
| What are the 4 cavities of the body? | cranial, vertebral, thoracic, abdominopelvic |
| What is the integumentary system? | The outermost layer, consiting of skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands. Functions are protection, thermoregulation, synthesis of vitamin d, cutaneous sensations |
| What is the function of electrolytes? | nerve and muscle function, maintain body fluids and ph regulation |
| What are the three types of bonds? | Ionic, covelant, hydrogen |
| What are 3 major groups of carbohydrates? | monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides |
| What are four types of lipids? | fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids |
| What are the three main proteins? | amino acids, polypeptides, enzymes |
| What is the outmost layer of the skin called? | Epidermis |
| What is the inner layer of the skin called? | Dermis |
| What is the role of keratinocytes? | protect skin from abrasions, heat, microbes, and chemicals |
| What is the role of melanocytes? | Production of melanin |
| What are the 5 strata layers of epidermis? | stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale |
| What are examples of skeletal muscles? | multinucleated, striated, voluntary, along the bones |
| What is smooth muscle? | A tissue specialized for contraction, composed of smooth muscle fibers located in the walls of hollow internal organs, and innervated by autonomic motor neurons |
| What are long bones? | Long longitudinal axes and expanded bones ex. fenur and radius/ ulna |
| What are short bones? | Bones that are somewhat cubelike, ex. wrist and ankle bones |
| What are flat bones? | Platelike structures with broad surfaces, such as the ribs, scapula, and some skull bones |
| What are irregular bones? | Bones with a variety of shapes and are ususlly connected to other bones, ex. vertebrae, facial bones |
| What is articular cartilage? | Tough elastic tissue that covers the ends of a bone where it articulates made of hyaline cartilage |
| What is spongy bone? | Cancellous bone/ this bone consist of numerous branching plates and having irregular connections |
| What is an osteocyte? | A mature bone cell |
| What are joints? | The point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if the articulation allows motion) |
| What is an example of a bll and socket joint? | Shoulder and hip |
| What is an example of a hinge joint? | The knee and elbow |
Created by:
Jwoolf
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