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Chapter 15 Midterm
Bones and Joints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hypercalcemia | Excessive calcium in the bloodstream |
| Decalcification | Removal of calcium from bones |
| Kyphosis | Abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic vertebrae |
| Laminectomy | Removal of a lamina to relieve the sysmptoms of a ruptured intervertebral disk |
| lordosis | Abnormal anterior curvature of the backbones in the lumbar region. |
| Lumbar | Pertaining to the loins or lower back (near the waist) region |
| Lumbosacral | Pertaining to the lower back and the sacrum |
| Myelopoiesis | Formation of bone marrow |
| Orthopedics | The specialty of medicine dealing with bones and bone diseases. (orthopedists originally straightened (orth/o) the bones of children (ped/o) |
| Osteitis | Inflammation of bones |
| Osteodystrophy | Poor development of bones |
| Scoliosis | Abnormal condition of lateral curvature of the spine |
| Spondlyosis | Abnormal condition of vertebrae |
| Vertebral | Pertaining to vertebrae |
| Osteoblast | Immature bone cell |
| Osteoclast | Large cell found in the bone marrow of growing bones; absorbs and removes unwanted bone tissue |
| Spondylolisthesis | Forward displacement of a vertebra over a lower segment |
| Osteomalacia | Softening of bone |
| Epiphysis | End of a long bone |
| Pubic Symphysis | Junction of the pubic bones on the midline in front of the body |
| Osteoporosis | Condition of increased porosity of bone with loss of bony tissue and decrease in bone mass |
| Osteotome | Instrument to cut bone |
| Acetabular | Pertaining to the acetabulum (HIP SOCKET) |
| Calcaneal | Pertaining to the calcaneus (HEEL BONE) |
| Supraclavicular | Pertaining to the collar bone |
| Carpals | Pertaining to the wrist bone |
| Subcostal | Pertaining to below the ribs |
| Chondrocostal | Pertaining to the cartilage attached to the ribs |
| Caniotomy | Incision of the skull |
| Craniotome | Instrument to cut the skull |
| Femoral | Pertaining to the thigh bone (FEMUR) |
| Fibular | Pertaining to the smaller of the two lower leg bones (FIBULA) |
| Humeral | Pertaining to the upper arm bone (HUMERUS) |
| Iliac | Pertaining to the ilium (UPPER PORTION OF THE HIP BONE) |
| Ischial | Pertaining to the ischium (LOWER AND POSTERIOR PART OF THE HIP BONE) |
| Malleolar | Pertaining to the malleolus (PROCESS ON EACH SIDE OF THE ANKLE) |
| Mandibular | Pertaining to the lower jaw bone |
| Maxillary | Pertaining to the upper jaw bone |
| Metacarpectomy | Removal of hand bones |
| Metatarsalgia | Pain of the foot bones |
| Olecranal | Pertaining to the elbow |
| Patellar | Pertaining to below the kneecap |
| Pelvimetry | Measurement of the proportions of the pelvic bone (before childbirth) |
| Peroneal | Pertaining to the fibula |
| Phalangeal | Pertaining to the fingers and toes |
| Pubic | Pertaining to the pubis (ANTERIOR PORTION OF THE HIP BONE) |
| Radial | Pertaining to the lateral arm bone |
| Scapular | Pertaining to the shoulder bone |
| Sternal | Pertaining to the breast bone |
| Tarsectomy | Removal of ankle bones |
| Tibial | Pertaining to the tibia, the larger and inner of the two lower leg bones |
| Ulnar | Pertaining to the medial lower arm bone |
| Ankylosis | Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint |
| Arthroplasty | Surgical repair of a joint |
| Arthrotomy | Incision of a joint |
| Hemarthrosis | Abnormal condition of blood in a joint |
| Hydrarthrosis | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in a joint |
| Polyarthritis | Inflammation of many joints |
| Articular Cartilage | The cartilage surrounding the bones in a joint |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of a bursa |
| Achondroplasia | Improper cartilage formation in development of bones (leads to a type of dwarfism) |
| Chondroma | Tumor (benign) of cartilage |
| Chondromalacia | Abnormal softening of cartilage |
| Ligamentous | Pertaining to a ligament |
| Rheumatologist | Specialist in treatment of joint disorders |
| Synovitis | Inflammation of a synovial membrane |
| Tenorrhaphy | Suture of a tendon |
| Tendinitis | Inflammation of a tendon, also spelled tendonitis |
| Arthrodesis | Binding together (surgical fusion) of a joint |
| Spinal Stenosis | Narrowing of the neutral canal or nerve root canals in the lumbar spine |
| Fasciectomy | Removal of fascia |
| Fibromyalgia | Pain of fibrous connective tissue and muscle |
| Leiomyoma | Tumor (benign) of a smooth muscle |
| Leiomyosarcoma | Tumor (malignant) of a smooth muscle |
| Myalgia | Pain of muscle |
| Electromyography | Process of recording the electricity in muscle |
| Myopathy | Disease of muscles |
| Myocardial | Pertaining to heart muscle |
| Myositis | Inflammation of muscle |
| Plantar Flexion | Bending downward of the sole of the foot |
| Rhabdomyoma | Tumor (benign)of a skeletal muscle |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | Tumor (malignant)of skeletal muscle |
| Myasthenia gravis | Condition of muscle weakness caused by a failure in transmission of nervous impulses from a nerve tp muscle cell |
| Atrophy | Decrease in size of a normally developed organ or tissue; wasting of tissue |
| Hypertrophy | Excessice development (increase in cell size) |
| Amyotrophic | Pertaining to loss of muscle development (in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscles can't move becasue of degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord) |
| Abduction | Process of carrying away (muscle is pulled away from the midline of the body) |
| Adduction | Process of carrying toward (muscle is pulled toward the midline of the body) |
| Dorsiflexion | Bending of the foot backward and upward |
| Polymyalgia | Pain of many muscles |
Created by:
cterry
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