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Pathology-5
ESOPHAGUS
Question | Answer |
---|---|
what type of epithelium lines the esophagus? | non-keratinizing squamos |
where is esophageal atresia most likely located? | near the tracheal bifurcation |
fistulas of the esophagus: what type most common? treatment? | true fistulas more common, uncommon in general, must be corrected early |
esophageal mucosal webs? | protrusions of the mucosa, most common in the upper |
esophageal rings? | most common in distal, two types (A--above; B-below (Schazki); episodic dyshphagia |
which congenital problem causes episodic dysphagia? | esophageal rings |
which congenital problem causes adult, progressive dysphagia? | esophageal stenosis |
whch congenital disorder involves a reactive fibrosis? | esophageal stenosis, most likely in adults |
You have a pt with achalasia, who suddenly begins to become dramatically ill. What should you be worried about? | squamos cell carcinoma (5%) |
what is the problem with achalasia? | increased tone of the LES WHEN swallowing, aperistalsis due to dysfunction of inhibitory neurons (NO, vasoactive intestinal peptide) |