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Bio 104 Chapt 3
Skeletal Tissue
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| important connective tissues that work with bones to provide the support framework of the skeleton. | Cartilage, Tendons, and Ligaments |
| Plates of shiny connective tissue that are surrounded by the perichondrium and lubricated by synovial fluid to provide a slippery surface over which bones may move freely. | Cartilage |
| Transparent viscous joint fluid that is secreted by the synovial membrane. | Synovial fluid |
| A double-layered connective tissue membrane that surrounds the cartilage. | Perichondrium. |
| Specialized tough cords or bands of dense white connective tissue that Connects muscles to bones.Continuous with the periosteum of the bone. | Tendons. |
| Double-layer membrane that covers all bones except the articular surfaces. | Periosteum. |
| Composed of densely packed fibers of collagen. | Tendons. |
| A twisted, rope-like protein. | Collagen |
| Tough white bands of tissue,Bind bones together,Composed of collagen. | Ligaments |
| Points where two or more bones come together | Joints |
| Caused by the stretching or tearing of a supporting ligament, due to the partial or temporary dislocation of the bone end. | Sprain |
| Occurs when a muscle is stretched or torn, resulting in pain, swelling, and bruising of the surrounding soft tissues. | Strain |
| Specialized form of connective tissue,Protect internal organs,Help enable movement,Storage site for minerals, particularly calcium.Have a role in the formation of blood cells and platelets. | Bones |
| What Consist of collagen and the mineral hydroxyapatite? | Bones |
| A compound that contains calcium and phosphate | Hydroxyapatite |
| The ____________ fibers in bone act like reinforcing rods in a concrete structure, lending flexible strength | Collagen |
| Regulate bone remodeling, Regulate blood calcium levels | Calcitonin and Parathormone hormones |
| Cells that produce bone tissue. | Osteoblasts. |
| An osteoblast that becomes surrounded by bony matrix. | Osteocyte. |
| Large, multinucleated cells that dissolve bone tissue | Osteoclasts |
| Play a major role in:Bone remodeling,Removal of old bone,Deposition of new bone. | Osteoclasts |
| Thin sheets or layers into which bone tissue is organized | Lamellae |
| Minute cavities in the bone or cartilage containing osteocytes | Lacunae |
| Minute canals in the bone structure that connect concentric sheets of lamella | Canaliculi |
| Longer than they are wide and include most bones of the upper and lower extremitiesFemur, tibia, radius, ulna | Long Bones |
| As broad as they are long and often are cube-shaped or round | Short bones |
| Relatively thin and flattened bonesRibs, sternum, scapulae | Flat bones |
| Bony rods oriented along the lines of stress to increase the weight-bearing capacity of the long bones | Trabeculae |
| The formation of new bone on the surface of a bone | Appositional growth |
| The growth of cartilage in the epiphyseal plate and its eventual replacement by bone | Endochondral growth |
| Changes in the shape of bones as an individual grows due to the removal of old bone and the deposition of new bone by osteoclasts | Bone remodeling |
| Top of the axial skeleton consisting of 28 bones Three anatomic groups of bones: Auditory ossicles,Cranium,Face. | Skull |
| Joints where the bones come together in the skull.Sagittal suture,Coronal suture,Lambdoid suture. | Sutures |
| Soft spots in the skull of a newborn and infant where the sutures of the skull have not yet grown together.They link the sutures. | Fontanels |
| These bones function in hearing.Malleus,Incus,Stapes. | Auditory Ossicles |
| Made up of eight bones that encase and protect the brain.Frontal bone,Parietal bones (2),Occipital bone,Foramen magnum,Sphenoid bone,Ethmoid bone,Temporal bones (2). | Cranium |
| The 33 separate bones that make up the spinal cordSupport the weight of the bodyProtect the spinal cord | Vertebrae |
| The five sections of the _______: Cervical,Thoracic,Lumbar,Sacrum,Coccyx. | The Spine |
| A fluid-filled sac situated between a tendon and a bone that cushions and protects joints | Bursa |
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