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BIO 104 Chapt 2
Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Building Blocks of all life are. | Cells |
| Each Cell is a minute mass of colorless substance, called | Protoplasm or Cytoplasm |
| Substances outside the cell membraane are referred to as | Extracelluar |
| Substances inside the cell membraane are referred to as | Intracellular |
| The basic building blocks of life | The Cell |
| A viscous liquid matrix that supports all internal cellular structures | Protoplasm |
| Provides a medium for intracellular transport of various substances such as nutrients, signaling molecules, and proteins | Protoplasm |
| Surrounds the protoplasm.Consists of fatty substances that separate the cell from its neighbor | Cell Membrane |
| The fatty components of the cell membrane arranged in a double layer | Lipid Bilayer |
| Consists of a complete set of neatly arranged molecules able to alter its structure, depending on the needs of the cell | Lipid Bilayer |
| Particles that have a positive electrical charge | Protons |
| Make up molecules.Composed of smaller particles | Atoms |
| Particles that have a negative electrical charge | Electrons |
| Particles that are uncharged | Neutrons |
| Functions served by proteins in the lipid bilayer: | Transporters, Signal receptors, Channels,Ion channels |
| Maintenance of stable internal physiologic environment | Homeostasis |
| Movement of particles or solutes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration | Diffusion |
| Movement of a solvent from an area of low solute concentration to one of high concentration through a selectively permeable membrane | Osmosis |
| Shrinkage of a cell that occurs when too much water moves out of the cell | Crenation |
| The swelling and bursting of a cell that occurs when too much water enters the cell | Lysis |
| Movement of water out of plasma across the capillary membrane into interstitial space | Filtration |
| Uptake of material through the cell membrane by a membrane-bound droplet or vesicle that forms within the protoplasm of the cell | Endocytosis |
| Internal structures within the cell that carry out the processes necessary for life | Organelles |
| A central body embedded within the protoplasm of the cell, surrounded by the nuclear envelope | Nucleus |
| Structures containing DNA, located within the nucleus.Human cells contain 23 pairs | Chromosomes |
| Rounded, dense structures within the protoplasm of the nucleus | Nucleoli |
| Organelles that contain RNA and protein. Ribosomes interact with RNA from other parts of the cell to join amino acids together to form proteins. | Ribosomes |
| A set of membranes within the protoplasm that is associated with the formation of various carbohydrate and complex protein molecules | Golgi Complex |
| Small, rod-like organelles that function as the metabolic center of the cell | Mitochondria |
| Hair-like projections on the surface of a cell. Often, several are located on a cell.They act to move materials over the cell surface | Cilia |
| The ongoing process of cell renewal | Remodeling |
| Division of one cell into two genetically identical and equal daughter cells | Mitosis |
| Groups of similar cells working togetherClassified into four types:Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nerve | Tissue |
| Covers all of the external surfaces of the body and lines hollow organs within the bodyProvides a protective barrier | Epithelial Tissue |
| Binds the other types of tissue together:Bone, Cartilage, Adipose tissue,Scar tissue | Connective Tissue |
| Overlies the framework of the skeletonClassified by both structure and function | Muscle Tissue |
| Types of Muscle Tissue | Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle |
Created by:
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