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ANA 202 A&P
Study Material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which term refers to a state of relative constancy of the internal environment of the body? | homeostasis |
| What type of feedback loop causes a return to normal in the internal environment of the body? | negative feedback loop |
| A chemical reaction that involves the removal of water from a molecule during a chemical reaction is called a(n) _______ reaction. | dehydration |
| Which of the following phases of cell division represents the first phase of mitosis? | prophase |
| Which type of epithelial cells line the human trachea? | pseudostratified |
| Which of the following tissues are classified as connective tissue? | fibrous tissue, areolar tissue, bone, blood |
| What is another name for smooth muscle? | involuntary muscle |
| Other than providing a means for air to enter the lungs, what other functions do the nose, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi peform? | humidify the air inspired, warm the inspired air, purify the inspired air |
| Which component of the skin contains a relatively large amount of fat? | subcutaneous tissue |
| What is the name given to the hair of a newborn infant? | lanugo |
| What is the name of a bony joint where an oval projection fits into an elliptical socket? | condyloid joint |
| Which of the following structures are the distal articulations of the femur bone? | patella and tibia |
| Which of the following structures is considered the basic building block of skeletal muscle? | sarcomere |
| The bombardment by a series of about 30 stimuli per second evokes a certain type of skeletal muscle contraction called_______. | tetanic contraction |
| Which of the following structures are components of the peripheral nervous system? | cranial nerves, spinal nerves, somatic motor neurons |
| Which of the following neurotransmitters are classified as catecholamines? | serotonin and norepinephrine |
| The lens of the eye lies directly behind which other ocular structure? | pupil |
| Which structures in the middle ear are responsible for amplifying sound waves as they pass through that portion of the ear? | auditory vesicles |
| Which of the follwoing physiological changes occurs with type 1 diabetes? | less glucose leaves the blood to enter the cells |
| Hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone causes which condition to occur? | diabetes insipidus |
| How should the health care practitioner interpret a hematocrit of 45% for an adult male? | normal |
| While reading a patient's chart, the health car practitioner notices that the patient has a leukocyte count of over 10,000/mm3. Which term describes this condition? | leukocytosis |
| A patient enters the emergency department complaining of severe chest pain. What term is used to describe this symptom? | angina pectoris |
| What cardiac event is signified by the QRS complex appearing on an electrocardiogram? | ventricular depolarization |
| What organ is located int the upper left quadrant of the abdomen lateral to the stomach? | spleen |
| What is the function of complement proteins? | to destroy invading cells |
| Through what process do O2 and CO2 exchange in the alveoli? | simple diffusion |
| During normal breathing, how is expiration accomplished? | passively via elastic recoil of lung tissue |
| Which structures comprise the small intestion? | jejunum and ileum |
| What is the function of the hepatic ducts? | to crain vile from the liver |
| What is the first step in the process of glycolysis? | the creation of two molecules of pyruvic acid |
| Which hormones contribute to increasing blood glucose levels? | epinephrine, hydrocortisone, glucagon |
| Which factors most influences filtration in the glomeruli? | blood pressure |
| An adult patient who has a urine output of 900 ml/day is said to exhibit the condition called___________. | oliguria |
| To calculate the fluid volume of a person's extracellular fluid, one must add together: | plasma and interstitial fluids |
| What are the physiologic effects of aldosterone secretion in response to decreased blood fluid volume? | decresases urine output and increases extracellular fluid volume |
| What is the result when a strong acid placed in an NaHCO3 buffer solution? | A weak acid forms. |
| What is the cause of respiratory acidosis? | hypoventilation |
| When a male enters puberty, which of the following hormones stimulates a spermatogonium to undergo mitosis? | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| What is the clinical significance of having a continuous mucosal lining of the abdominal cavity on one end and the lining of the uterus and vagina on the other? | a gonorrheal infecton may pass into the abdominal cavity |
| During which time of human gestation does the embryonic stage occur? | from 3 to 8 weeks after fertilization |
| What is the name of the process that describes the development of the primary germ layers during pregnancy? | histogenesis |
| Which vessels contain arterial (oxygenated) blood? | coronary artery and pulmonary vein |
| What is the function of the ductus venosus in fetal circulation? | to shunt venous blood past the liver for deposit into the inferior vena cava |
| The health care practitioner had measured a patient's blood pressure and found it to be 160/110 mm Hg. How should the therapist interperet these findings? | The patient is hypertensive |
| What type blood can be administered to any patient safely? | Type O |
| Which term describes shortness of breath? | dyspnea |
| What sturctures stimulate the body to increase ventilation due to low oxygen levels in arterial blood? | carotid and aortic bodies |
| Which mechanisms are involved in the transport of CO2 in the blood for the purpose of bringing it to the lungs for elimination from the body? | CO2 dissolved in the plasma, CO2 incorporated in the bicarbonate ion, carbaminohemoglobin |
| A patient is said to have normal PO2 and PCO2 values. Which measurements represent normal values? | PO2 100 mmHg; PCO2 40mm Hg |
Created by:
cindysparks
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