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chapter 6 review
disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| flexion | decreases the angle between bones |
| extension | increases the angle between bones |
| functional joints | using degrees and angles |
| dense joints | in between organs |
| synovial joints | pivot, ball in socket |
| cartilage | connective tissue, found in sternum, ribs |
| pivot | found in neck and forearms |
| ball in socket | types of movement including rotation, found in shoulder and hips |
| hinge | opening & closing, found in elbows and knees |
| gliding | slide back and forth over each other, plate like, found in wrists and ankles |
| saddle | allows rocking movements, found in thumbs |
| condyloid | two movements in the same bone, found in the lower forearm |
| rotation | spins one bone relative to another |
| circumduction | the distal end of the bone moves in a circle while the proximal end stays stable |
| adduction | moving towards the midline |
| abduction | moving away from the midline |
| lordosis | exaggerated lumbar structure |
| kyphosis | abnormal thoracic curvature aka hunchback |
| scoliosis | abnormal sideways curvature of the spine |
| herniated disks | opens disks compartment in cervical vertebrae causing the insides to stick out |
| simple fracture | fracture that does not puncture the skin |
| compound fracture | broken bones that do puncture the skin |
| green stick fracture | incomplete break in the bone. mostly common in children |
| impacted fracture | crushing force injuries. common in MVC |
| spiral fracture | caused by twisting. common in industrial accidents and abused infants |
| hairline fracture | a hairlike crack on the bone |
| closed reduction | manipulating bones from the outside of the skin, no surgery needed |
| open reduction | surgical operation. going inside to manipulate the bone |
| osteosarcoma | malignant bone cancer. common in children |
| ewings sarcoma | primarily Caucasian disease. malignant tumor that usually arising in the bone marrow of long bones and pelvis. males > females |
| osteoporosis | common in post menopausal women. results in weak bones |
| osteomalacia | softening of bones. usually due to inadequate phosphorus in diet |
| osteomyelitis | bacterial infection in the bone or marrow. caused by trauma, surgery, adjacent infection, or passed in the blood stream |
| arthritis | general term for inflammation in the joints |
| rhematoid arthritis | thought to be autoimmune in nature |
| gout arthritis | uric acid crystals deposit in distal joints |
| infectious arthritis | caused by lyme disease |
| osteoarthritis | degeneration of articular change |
| sublixation | dislocation |
| sprain | damage to ligaments around joints |
Created by:
dakota22
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