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JessicaT
Human Anatomy Chapter 6-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The shoulder joint is an example of a __________ joint? | Multiaxial, freely movable, ball and socket |
| Synovial joints are | Freely movable |
| Mucle tone is maintained by | negative feedback mechanism |
| Which neuron could transmit a nerve impulse the fastest? | A large- diameter neuron with myelin |
| Severe depressin can be caused by a deficit in certain brain synapses of | Amines |
| An ion channel that opens in response to a sensory stimulus is a(n) | stimulus-gated channel |
| The active transport mechanism in the plasma membrane that transport sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions an at different rates is the | sodium-potassium pump |
| The term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is | nerve impulse |
| Parasympathetic stimulation has not effect on any of the following areas except: | sweat glands |
| Audition is a function fo the _________ lobe | temporal |
| Cardiac output is determined by | stroke volume and heart rate |
| blood volum per kilogram of body weight varies inversely with | body fat |
| the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane, which prevents the passage of at least one solute | Osmosis |
| Pathway in which glucose is broken apart into two pyruvate mole-cules to yield a small amount of energy (which is transferred to ATP and NADH | Glycolysis |
| Pyruvate (from glycolysis) is converted into acetyl, which is “picked up” by CoA and enters the citric acid cycle after losing CO2 and transferring some energy to NADH | Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) |
| ensures that genetic information is passed from one generation to the next | Cell reproduction |
| depends on using genetic information in DNA to make the structural and functional proteins needed for cell survival | Cell growth |
| A double-helix polymer (composed of nucleotides) that functions to transfer information, encoded in genes, to direct the synthesis of proteins | Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
| he process of organizing and distributing nuclear DNA during cell division; has four distinct phases | Mitotic cell division |
| group of similar cells that perform a common function | Tissue |
| nonliving intercellular material | Matrix |
| Principal types of tissue | Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous |
| Primary Germ Layers | Endoderm Mesoderm Ectoderm |
| complex, nonliving material between cells in a tissue | Fluid environment of the body |
| Epithelial Tissue Functions | Protection Sensory functions Secretion Absorption Excretion |
| Connective Tissue Functions | Connects Supports Transports Protects |
| Connective Tissue Types | Fibrous Bone Cartilage Blood |
| Compact Bone Cell Types | Osteocyte Osteoblast Osteoclast |
| A liquid tissue | Blood |
| Functions of blood | Transportation Regulation of body temperature Regulation of body pH White blood cells destroys bacteria |
| Muscle Tissue Types | Skeletal, or striated voluntary Smooth, or nonstriated involuntary or visceral Cardiac, or striated involuntary |
| Nervous Tissue Special characteristics | Excitability conductivity |
| Nervous tissue cell types | Neuron Neuroglia |
| Processes of Neuron | Axon (single process) Dendrite (one or more) |
| Transmits nerve impulse toward the cell body and axon | Dendrite |
| Transmit nerve impulse away from the cell body | Axon |
| What is the body's largest organ? | Skin (intergument) |
| Skin's primary layer | Epidermis and Dermis |
| A basement membrane, with unique fibrous elements, and a polysac-charide gel serve to “glue” the epidermis to the dermis below | Dermoepidermal junction (D |
| Function of Skin | Protection Sensation Flexibility Excretion Hormone (vitamin D) production Immunity Homeostasis of body temperature |
| Types of Bones | Long Bones Short Bones Flat Bones Irregular Bones Sesamoid bones |
| Structure of Long Bones | Diaphysis Epiphyses Articular Cartilage Periosteum Medullary (marrow) cavity Endosteum |
| Division of the Skeleton | Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton |
| Two major division of skull | Cranial bones Facial Bones |
| U-Shaped bone located just above the larynx and below the mandible | Hyoid Bone |
| What forms the flexible longitudinal axis of the skeleton | Vertebral column |
| Segments of the vertebral column | Cervical Vertebrae 7 Thoracic Vertebrae 12 Lumbar Vertebrae 5 Sacrum Coccyx |
| Dagger-shaped bone in the middle of the anterior chest wall | Sternum |
| pairs 1 through 7 join a costal cartilage that attaches it to the sternum | True Ribs |
| pairs 8 through 12 | False Ribs |
| ribs 11 and 12 do not attach (even indirectly) to the sternum | Floating ribs |
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Jtuazon
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