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Ch.15ANS

The Autonomic Nervous System

QuestionAnswer
Main input into ANS. Term for internal ones. Sensory receptors. Intero Receptors (monitor internal env. found in in blood vessels, organs, and muscles)
Types of sensory receptors. Chemo receptors (chemical changes, such as Co2 and O2), baro receptors(pressure changes), and mechano receptors (movement, tension, stretch)
ANS motor neurons go to what? Glands, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.
What does thinking about this test have to do with the ANS? A feedback loop btw. thoughts and ANS response may elevate BP and HR.
What are 2 neurotransmitters used most often by the ANS motor neurons? ACh and norepinephrine
2 output pathways of the ANS. Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
First neuron in an ANS motor pathway from CNS to gland, cardiac muscle, or smooth muscle. Preganglionic neuron: Cell body in CNS. Exits as part of cranial or spinal nerve and ends in an autonomic ganglion. Type B/smallish/myelinated (in white matter).
Second neuron in an ANS motor pathway. Postganglionic neuron has its cell body in the autonomic ganglion where it has synapsed with the preganglionic neuron. It is Type C/smallest/unmyelinated and ends up near a gland, cardiac muscle or smooth muscle.
"Fight or flight"- describe nerves involved, location of ganglia, function, length of effect. Sympathetic ANS nerves come out of T1-L2 and sympathetic trunk ganglia are along spine. Supports vigorous physical activity and rapid ATP production. Decreases favor of energy storage (as fat). Elevates all (BP,BG, RR, HR) but digestion. Lasts long.
"Wine or dine"- describe nerves involved, location of ganglia, function, length of effect. Parasympathetic. Out of cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, 10 (oculomotor, facial, glossopharangeal, vagus) and S2-S4. Ganglia close to effector. Slows all (BG, BP, pupils constrict)but digestion and favors energy storage (as fat). Lasts less than sympathetic.
largest parasympathetic nerve. Does what to what? X/vagus slows lungs, heart, liver, gallbladder, stomach, spleen, colon, and uterus. Speeds small and large intestine.
What is the control center of the ANS? S-ANS? P-ANS? Hypothalamus. Posterior hypothalamus. Anterior hypothalamus.
What may happen with an adjustment to the thoracic area? Sacral area? Stimulates sympathetic- hot, energetic... Stimulates parasympathetic- tired...
Path of sympathetic ANS. T1-L2 lateral gray horn to anterior root to sympathetic trunk ganglia and out 1 or 2 levels above or below.
Path of parasympathtic ANS. Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10(oculomotor, facial, glossopharangeal, vagus),S2-S4 lateral gray horns to anterior root, to autonomic ganglion near affected structure (gland, cardiac m., or smooth m).
What syndrome is often misdiagnosed as a stroke? What defines it? Causes it? Also looks like what? Horner's Syndrome-disruption of sympathetic nervous system and is ipsilateral 1)Ptosis (eyelid drooping) 2)Miosis (constricted pupil) and 3)Anhidrosis (no sweat). Caused by non brain related trauma, injury, or tumor. Looks like belspalsy (contralateral).
ANS structures and receptors that will use ACh. 1)Cholinergenic receptors (on S- and P- ANS pre-g. neurons and P-ANS post-g.). 2)Nicotinic R.(on cell bodies of neurons, dendrites, and neuromuscular junction). 3)Muscarinic R.(on effector membranes).
ANS structures and receptors that use Norepinephrine and the significance of this. Sympathetic postganglionic neurons have Adrenergic receptors that use norepi., which last longer than ACh, making the sympathetic response last longer than the parasympathetic response.
Term for a substance that mimics the affect of another substance. Agonist
Substance that prevents affect of other substance. Antagonist
Term for the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic ANS. Autonomic Tone
Created by: 741879016
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