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Ch. 10-12 Vocab

TermDefinition
Accommodation Adaptation of the eye’s lens to adjust for varying focal distances.
Blepharitis Inflammation of the eyelid.
Bulbar Conjunctiva A mucous membrane on the surface of the eyeball.
Cataract Clouding of the lens or lens capsule of the eye.
Choroid The vascular layer of the eye that lies between the retina and the sclera.
Ciliary Body The vascular layer of the eye that lies between the sclera and the crystalline lens.
Cone A receptor in the retina that is responsible for light and color.
Conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva.
Cornea Transparent tissue covering the eyeball; responsible for focusing light into the eye and transmitting light.
Corneal Dystrophy Growth of abnormal tissue on the cornea, often related to a nutritional deficiency.
Dacryocystitis Lacrimal gland inflammation.
Extraocular Muscles The muscles that control the eye.
Glands of Zeis Altered sebaceous glands that are connected to the eyelash follicles.
Glaucoma The condition that results when poor draining of fluid causes an abnormal increase in pressure within the eye, damaging the optic nerve.
Iris The round, pigmented muscular curtain in the eye.
Keratitis An inflammation of the cornea, typically accompanied by an ulceration.
Lacrimal Apparatus A system in the eye that consists of the lacrimal glands, the upper canaliculi, the lower canaliculi, the lacrimal sac, and the nasolacrimal duct.
Lens A transparent, crystalline segment of the eye, situated directly behind the pupil, that is responsible for focusing light rays as they enter the eye and travel back to the retina.
Meibomian Glands Sebaceous glands that secrete a tear film component that prevents tears from evaporating so that the area stays moist.
Moll’s Glands Ordinary sweat glands.
Orbit The bony cavity in the skull that houses the eye and its ancillary parts (muscles, nerves, blood vessels).
Palpebrae The eyelids [singular:palpebra].
Palpebral Conjunctiva A mucous membrane that lines the palpebrae.
Proptosis Bulging out of the eye; also known as exophthalmos.
Pupil The opening in the center of the iris that permits light to enter and continue on to the lens and retina.
Retina A membrane in the back of the eye that is sensitive to light and functions as the sensory end of the optic nerve.
Retinal Detachment A break in the connection between the retinal pigment epithelium layer and the neural retina.
Retinopathy Degenerative condition of the retina.
Rod An elongated, cylindrical cell within the retina that is photosensitive in low light.
Sclera The membranous tissue that covers all of the eyeball (except the cornea); also known as the white of the eye.
Uveal Tract The middle layer of the eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid.
Vitreous Chamber The interior segment of the eye that contains the vitreous body.
Angina Pectoris Chest pain.
Atherosclerosis A condition resulting from plaque buildup on the interior walls of the arteries, causing reduced blood flow; also known as arteriosclerosis.
Atrium A chamber that is located in the top half of the heart and receives blood.
Cerebral Infarction An area of dead tissue (necrosis) in the brain caused by a blocked or ruptured blood vessel.
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) Rupture of a blood vessel causing hemorrhaging in the brain or an embolus in a blood vessel in the brain causing a loss of blood flow; also known as stroke.
Edema An overaccumulation of fluid in the cells of the tissues.
Elevated Blood Pressure An occurrence of high blood pressure; an isolated or infrequent reading of a systolic blood pressure above 120 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure above 80 mmHg.
Embolus A thrombus that has broken free from the vessel wall and is traveling freely within the vascular system.
Gestational Hypertension Hypertension that develops during pregnancy and typically goes away once the pregnancy has ended.
Hypertension High blood pressure, usually a chronic condition; often identified by a systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg.
Hypotension Low blood pressure; systolic blood pressure below 90 mmHg and/or diastolic measurements of lower than 60 mmHg.
Infarction Tissue or muscle that has deteriorated or died (necrotic).
Myocardial Infarction (MI) Malfunction of the heart due to necrosis or deterioration of a portion of the heart muscle; also known as a heart attack.
NSTEMI A nontransmural elevation myocardial infarction—a heart event during which the coronary artery is partially occluded (blocked).
Secondary Hypertension The condition of hypertension caused by another condition or illness.
STEMI An ST elevation myocardial infarction—a heart event during which the coronary artery is completely blocked by a thrombus or embolus.
Thrombus A blood clot in a blood vessel [plural: thrombi].
Vascular Referring to the vessels (arteries and veins).
Ventricle A chamber that is located in the bottom half of the heart and receives blood from the atrium.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) An ongoing obstruction of the airway.
Exacerbation An increase in the severity of a disease or its symptoms.
Influenza An acute infection of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus.
Pneumonia An inflammation of the lungs.
Pneumothorax A condition in which air or gas is present within the chest cavity but outside the lungs.
Respiratory Disorder A malfunction of the organ system relating to respiration.
Status Asthmaticus The condition of asthma that is life-threatening and does not respond to therapeutic treatments.
Created by: shulukong
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