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APGov - Chap. 3
A stack to practice the terms of Chapter 3.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Federalism | a system that divides power between the national and state governments |
| Unitary system | a system where the central government has all of power over sub-national governments |
| Confederal system | a system where the sub-national governments have most of the power |
| Federal systems | a system where power is divided between the national and state governments |
| Enumerated or expressed powers | explicitly granted to the national government through the Constitution |
| Exclusive powers | powers only the national government may exercise |
| Implied powers | powers not specifically grant to the national government but considered necessary to carry out the enumerated powers |
| Commerce clause | authority to regulate interstate business and commercial activity |
| Necessary and Proper clause (elastic) | grants federal gov the authority to pass laws required to carry out its enumerated powers |
| Supremacy clause | establishes Constitution and federal government highest authority |
| Tenth Amendment | reserves powers not delegated to the national government to the states and the people (basis of federalism) |
| Reserved powers | powers not given to the national gov., which are retained by the states and the people |
| Concurrent powers | powers granted to both states and the federal gov in the Constitution |
| Full-faith and credit clause | constitutional clause requiring states to recognize the public acts, records, and civil court proceedings (marriage) |
| Extradition | the requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another state where a crime was committed |
| Privileges and immunities clause | constitutional clause that prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state |
| 13th Amendment | outlaws slavery |
| 14th Amendment | person’s born in a state are citizens and prohibits states from denying persons due to process or equal protection under law, or denying rights |
| 15th Amendment | gave African Americans males the right to vote (later all AA) |
| Dual federalism | a form of American federalism in which the states and the nation operate independently in their own areas of public policy |
| Selective incorporation | process through which the Supreme Court applies fundamental rights in the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis |
| Cooperative federalism | form of federalism where states and national government work together to create public policy (ie cooperation) |
| Grants-in-aid | federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives |
| Fiscal federalism | federal government’s use of grant-in-aid to influence policies in the states |
| Categorical grants | grants-in-aid provided to states with specific provisions (conditions) on their use |
| Unfunded mandates | federal requirements that the states must follow without being provided with funding |
| Block grant | type of grant-in-aid that gives state officials more authority in the disbursement of federal funds |
| Revenue sharing | when the federal government apportions tax money to the states with no strings attached |
| Devolution | returning more authority to the state or local government |
Created by:
EmberM
Popular American Government sets