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AP Gov Ch. 2 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Critical Period | After the American Revolution the former colonies were governed under the Articles of Confederation. |
| Enumerated Powers | National government"s powers granted to Congress in Article 1 Section 8 of Constitution. |
| Federalism | Distribution of constitutional authority between state and national governments with different powers & functions exercised by both |
| Federalists | People favored strong state governments & weak national government. Opposed ratification of Constitution. |
| The Federalist Papers | 85 essays written by Hamilton, James Madison, & John Jay in support of the Constitution. |
| Full Faith and Credit Clause | Ensures judicial decrees & contracts made in one state will be binding & enforceable in any other state. |
| Great Compromise | Final decision of the Constitutional Convention to create a two house legislature with the lower house elected by the people & powers divided between the two houses. Made national law supreme. |
| Implied Powers | National government"s powers from the enumerated powers and necessary & proper clause. |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | Gives Congress authority to pass all laws "necessary & proper" to carry out the enumerated powers specified in Constitution. |
| New Jersey Plan | A plan that favored small states. Called for a one house legislature with one vote per state. Congress would have the ability to raise revenue and a Supreme Court appointed for life. |
| Virginia Plan | A plan that favored large states. Called for a bicameral legislature that appointed executive and judicial officers. |
| Separation of Powers | Way of dividing power of the government among legislative, executive, & judicial branch with equality & independence of each branch. |
| Social Contract Theory | The belief that governments exist based on the consent of the governed. |
| Supremacy Clause | Mandates that national law is supreme over all other laws passed by the states or other subdivision of government. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | Agreement of the Constitutional Convention that said that 3/5 of enslaved people of each state was to be for purposes of determining population for representation in House of Reps. |
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