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Skeletal System
skeletal system highlights
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many bones are in the human body? | 206 |
| What kind of tissue are the human bones? | Dynamic Living Tissue |
| What minerals do bones store and release? | Calcium and Phosphorus |
| Necessary ingredients for a variety of chemical reactions throughout the body | Calcium and Phosphorus |
| Bones store and release minerals such as calcium and phosphorus-necessary ingredients for a variety of chemical reactions throughout the body | Electrolyte Balance |
| What makes up the bone matrix? | Consists of collagen fibers crystaline salts which is primaryliy calcium and phosphate |
| What do Osteoblasts do? | They help form bone by secreting substances that compromise the bon's matrix |
| What do osteocytes do? | Some dissolve bone, whereas other deposit new bone. By doing so , they contribute to the maintenance of bone density while helping with the regulation of blood levels of calcium and phosphate. |
| What allows bones to resist strong squeezing forces | Calcium |
| What is it called when calcium salts allow bones to resist strong squeezing forces | Compressional Strength |
| When bone experiences an increase in load ________ stimulate the creation of new bone, making bones stronger | Osteocytes |
| A disease characterized by a loss of bone density | Osteoporosis |
| Supplies spongy bone with blood and also produces blood cells | The red marrow |
| The is the bone marrow charged with producing red blood cells and nearly all of children's bones contain this | Red Blood Marrow |
| Overtime, red bone marrow is gradually replaced with_________. Because its marrow cells are saturated with fat, it does not produce blood cells. | Yellow Bone Marrow |
| Where can red bone marrow be found | In the ribs, sternum, vertebrae, skull, pelvis, and upper parts of both the humerus and the femur |
| What do most bones evolve from | Cartilage |
| After 3 months gestation, the fetus has a skeleton composed mostly of cartilage. At that time, the cartilage begins turning into bone. What is this process called. | Endochondral Ossification |
| What do growth hormone stimulate that causes bones to grow longer | Chondrocytes |
| What is a greenstick fracture | Which the fracture is incomplete |
| What is a commuted fracture | When the bone breaks into pieces |
| What is a spiral fracture | The fracture spirals around the bone from the result of twisting force |
| When do uncomplicated fractures heal | 8 to 12 weeks |
| Helps form bone by secreting substances that comprise the bones matrix | osteoblasts |
| mature osteoblasts that have become entrapped in the hardened bone matrix and they maintenanc the bone | Osteocytes |
| Which hormone keeps Ca and Phosphate in the bone | Parathyroid hormone and Vitamin D |
| What effects does increase load/weight bearing have on bones | The osteocytes simulate creating new bone making the bone stronger |
| What factors affect bone growth and maintence | Heridity Nutrition Hormones Exercise |
| Where is red bone marrow located | Ribs, sternum, vertebrae, skull, pelvis, and upper part of both the femur and the humerus |
| fibrous connective tissue that allow for safe compression of the fetus head | Fontanels or "soft spots" |
| How long does it take for a fracture to heal | 8-12 weeks |
| Joints that do not have any movement | Fibrous Joints |
| Joints that have slight movement | Cartilaginous Joints |
| Two main types of arthritis | Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis |
| How well do ligament injuries heal | Slow and make inferior scar tissue |
| What are normal joint changes with aging | Joints become stiffer and less flexible |
| Name for bone tissue | Osseous |
| Process whereby fetal skeleton becomes bone | Ossification |
| Substance from which most bones evolve | Cartilage |
| Bone cells that help form bone | Osteoblasts |
| Lattice work of bone that makes up spongy bone | Trabeculae |
| 7 Function of Bone | Shape, Support, Protection, Movement, Electrolyte Balance, Blood Production, and Acid Base Balance |
| Flat or rounded areas that allow for joint formation | Articulations |
| Appendicular bones | The extermeties |
| Axial Skeleton | Body without extremeties |
| How many bones are in the Axial skeleton | 80 |
| How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton | 126 |
| What are the four pairs of sinuses | Sphenoid- behind nose/eye Frontal- Between eyebrow Ethmoid- Nose bridge Maxillary- Under eyes |
| Areas between the unfused bones, which are covered by fibrous membranes | Fontanels |
| What is Kyphosis and what is it a result from | Hunchback and it is a result from poor posture and osteoporosis |
| What is the long bone in the upper arm | Humerus |
| What are Fibrous Joints | Also called Synarthroses is when collagen fibers from one bone penetrate the adjacent bone, anchoring the bones in place |
| What are cartilaginous Joints | Also know as amphiarthroses, they are joined by cartilage and are slightly moveable |
| Which joint has the greatest range of motion in the body | The ball and socket joint |
| What is more mobile than it is stable | The shoulder |
| What is osteoarthritis | the wear and tear |
| What is rheumatoid arthritis | An autoimmune disease in which the body's antibodies attack the synovial membranes |
Created by:
ethanmorris
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