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Ch 1 Anatomy

The Human Body: An Orientation

QuestionAnswer
anatomy the study of the structure and shape of the human body and its parts
gross anatomy large structures, easily observable (ie. shape, color, location)
microscopic anatomy very small structures, can only be viewed by a microscope
physiology the study of how the body and its parts function and work together
relationship between anatomy and physiology structure determines function
chemical level what atoms and molecules make up the body, smallest observable level
cellular level smallest living structure, cells are the basic unit of life
tissue level similar cells that work together to carry out a specific function, make up organs (ie. muscle, bone)
organ level many types of tissues that work together to form and organ (ie. stomach, liver, lungs)
organ system level organs that perform similar tasks and work together (ie. respiratory, cardiovascular)
organism level several organ systems
integumentary system forms external covering of body, protects deeper tissues from injury
skeletal system protects and supports body organs, provides muscle attachment for movement
muscular system allows movement, maintains posture, produces heat
nervous fast-acting control system, the "master"
endocrine system second and slower control system, secretes regulatory hormones for growth, metabolism, reproduction, etc.
cardiovascular (circulatory) system transports materials throughout body via blood being pumped by the heart
lymphatic system returns fluids to blood, disposes of debris, involved in immunity
respiratory system keeps blood supplied with oxygen, removes carbon dioxide
digestive system breaks down food for nutrient absorption by blood, eliminates indigestible materials via excretion
urinary system eliminates nitrogenous wastes, maintains acid-base balance, regulates water and electrolytes
reproductive system production of offspring
Created by: 24slundin
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