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Inflammation, Part 1
Question | Answer |
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Inflammation | Body’s nonspecific response to tissue injury, resulting in redness, swelling, warmth, and pain; typically denoted by the suffix ‘-itis’ |
Abscess | Localized pocket of purulent exudate or pus in a solid tissue |
Chemotaxis | Directional movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a chemical gradient |
Diapedesis | Movement of leukocytes out of the capillaries toward a site of tissue damage or infection |
Exudate | Collection of fluid formed in an inflamed area |
Leukocyte | White blood cell that functions in the immune response |
Macrophage | Phagocytic white blood cell that is derived from monocytes and patrols the body’s connective tissues |
Mast cell | Immune cell found in connective tissue that contains histamine and heparin granules that are released during an inflammatory response |
Neutrophil | Most abundant type of granulocyte with phagocytic abilities |
Phagocytosis | Type of endocytosis in which a large particle is engulfed and digested |
Purulent | Containing or discharging pus |
Pyrexia | Raised body temperature/fever |
Pyrogen | Substance that can produce a fever |
Ulcer | Open sores that are slow to heal or recurring |
Innate immunity | Nonspecific form of immunity that individuals are born with; it includes the 1st and 2nd line of body defenses |
First line of defense | Physical and chemical barriers to infection such as the skin, tears, and mucus |
Second line of defense | Nonspecific immune responses such as phagocytic leukocyte stimulation, inflammation, and fever |
Third line of defense | Specific humoral (antibody-mediated) or cell-mediated immunity provided by B and T lymphocytes |
Interferon | Group of signaling proteins released by host cells in response to virus infection |
Cytokines | Peptide signaling molecules such as interferons and interleukins that regulate the immune response |