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human bio final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| function of muscular system | allows movement |
| major parts of the muscular system | fascicles, epimysium, perimysium, endomysium, sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| fascicles | bundles of muscle fibers whose arrangements can determine what movement type a muscle can make and its strength |
| epimysium | layer that wraps the whole muscle, protecting it from infection and friction |
| perimysium | groups muscle fibers into fascicles/bundles and protects from infection |
| endomysium | wrap each individual fiber and protects from infection |
| sarcoplasmic reticulum | transports materials and stores calcium ions that are released to contract muscles |
| function of nervous system | monitors and controls conditions within the body and behavior/memory /movement |
| major features of the nervous system | cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla, neuron, myelin sheath |
| cerebrum | center of intelligence, memory, and learning |
| cerebellum | balance, movement, coordination |
| medulla | sneezing and vomiting center, swallowing, regulation of heartbeat |
| neuron | sends and receives neurotransmitters |
| myelin sheath | fatty coating that helps the signal run faster along a neuron |
| nervous system disease: rabies | -virus spread by infected animal bite -causes brain damage/swelling and nerve damage -affects muscular system also bc bitten and goes into motor neurons and into nervous system. muscle spasms (medulla) -vaccine and not exposing yourself to wild animals |
| cardiovascular system function | brings nutrients to body cells and removes waste from them |
| major features of the cardiovascular system | red blood cells, white blood cells, veins, arteries, platelets |
| red blood cells | carries oxygen and nutrients to the body and picks up carbon dioxide |
| white blood cells | repair tissue destruction and fights pathogens |
| veins | carries blood back to the heart |
| arteries | take blood away from the heart |
| platelets | clots your blood |
| cardiovascular system disease: coronary artery disease | -plaque buildup in arteries due to lack of activity or good diet -narrows arteries and reduces blood flow/weakens heart -pulmonary system also bc can lead to fluid in lungs due to increased pressure in veins -to prevent exercise regularly and good diet |
| prone | face down |
| supine | face up |
| anatomical position | standing up straight, facing forward, hands out by your side, palms facing outward |
| proximal | closer to the attachment of the limb/trunk |
| distal | further from the attachment of the limb/trunk |
| cranial cavity | formed by skull, contains brain |
| thoracic cavity | THORAX. formed by ribs, muscles of the chest, sternum, vertebral column |
| abdominal cavity | superior portion of abdomen |
| vertebral cavity | formed by vertebrae and contains spinal cord. your back |
| pelvic cavity | lower part of abdominopelvic cavity inferior to your abs |
| frontal/coronal plane | divides into front and back sides |
| midsagittal plane | divides into equal left and right sides |
| oblique plane | diagonal cut at an angle |
| parasagittal plane | divides into unequal left and right sides |
| transverse plane | divides into top and bottom |
| dorsal | posterior (toward back of body) |
Created by:
ewhite233
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