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Exam 3-3 A&P
Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomic term for the respiratory process that is the exchange of gasses between the lungs and blood | External respiration |
| T/F: The lungs is part of the lower respiratory tract | True |
| Anatomic name for the structure commonly called the windpipe | Trachea |
| Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the lungs and blood via what structures | Respiratory membranes |
| Two nerves innervate the two muscle groups of ventilation | Intercostal & Phrenic |
| Anatomic name for the voice box | Larynx |
| In the process of delivering O2 and removing CO2 the respiratory system also helps in what other physiologic processes | Maintenance of blood pH & elimination of heat /water |
| Oxyhemoglobin is formed during what respiratory system process | External Respiration |
| Pharynx is the anatomic name for what structure | Throat |
| Respiration is defined as | Physical process of exchanging O2 & CO2 |
| T/F: The internal intercostals and rectus abdominus are primary muscles for exhaling | True |
| How does the respiratory system help the body regulate temperature, pH, and fluid balance | Expels CO2 to help balance pH & eliminate heat/water |
| Two primary nerves for muscles of ventilation are | Phrenic & Intercostals |
| T/F: The oropharynx is the middle region of the pharynx | TRUE |
| The muscles that elevate the ribcage for inhaling | External Intercostals & Pectoralis Minor |
| Term used to describe the process of moving air into and out of the lungs | Ventilation |
| What is the functional purpose of the nose and sinuses | Warms/Moistens air before entering the lungs |
| Which part of ventilation is generally passive | Exhalation |
| Which skeletal muscle exerts the strongest force on the expanding the ribcage and is considered the primary muscle for inspiration | Diaphragm |
| The exchange of O2 & CO2 that occurs between air and capillaries inside the lungs | External respirtation |
| What are the two parts of ventalation | Inhalation & Expiration |
| Function of the Trachea | Passageway for air & houses the voice box |
| T/F: Alveolar ducts is the small tube between bronchioles and alveoli | True |
| Structures of Upper Respiratory Tract | Nose-Sinuses-Pharynx-Larynx |
| Structures of Lower Respiratory Tract | Trachea-Lungs-Bronchial Tree |
| Which respiratory structure houses the structures of voice production in addition to functioning as a passageway for air | Larynx |
| The respiratory membrane is formed by what structures | Alveolar & Capillary Wall |
| What changes occurs in the thoracic cavity when the diaphragm contracts | Cavity increase in size |
| Function of the epiglottis | Covering the opening to the trachea during swallowing |
| Which of these skeletal muscles are considered the primary muscles of ventilation | Diaphragm & Intercostals |
| Vascular membrane lining the inside of the respiratory tract is describing what | Respiratory Mucosa |
| Function of cilia | Moving trapped particles up and out of the trachea |
| Which of these structures is the small tubes between bronchioles and alveoli | Alveolar Ducts |
| Carbaminohemoglobin is formed during | Internal Respiration |
| How is most CO2 transported in blood | As bicarbonate ions |
| Where are the chemoreceptors for breathing located | Inside the walls of the carotid and aortic arteries |
| Which condition provides the strongest stimulus to inhale | High blood levels of CO2 |
| The respiratory centers of the brain respond to stimulus from which types of receptors | Chemoreceptors & stretch receptors |
| How is O2 transported in the blood | as oxyhemoglobin on red blood cells |
| What transport mechanism is used for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs, blood, and body tissues | Diffusion |
| Correct statement of gas exchange of Internal respiration | CO2 moves into the lungs and O2 moves into the blood |
| Muscles of Inhalation | External Intercostals-Diaphragm-Scalene-Serratus Anterior-Pectoralis Minor-Sternocleidomastoid |
| Muscles of Exhalation | Rectus Abdominis & Internal Intercostals |
| Muscle that assist ventilation by elevating the sternum and clavicle | SCM (Sternocleidomastoid) |
| Contraction of this muscle helps elevate ribs 3 through 5 | Pectoralis Minor |
| Contraction of the muscle expands the rib cage laterally | Serratus Anterior |
| These small muscles elevate the first two pairs of ribs when they contract | Scalenes |
| Contraction of these muscles pulls down on each individual rib, which depresses the rib cage as a whole | Internal Intercostals |
| This muscle attachment to the sternum and lower ribs makes it depress the rib cage | Rectus Abdominis |
| Contraction causes this muscle to flatten and increase the size of the rib cage | Diaphram |
| The fiber direction of these short muscles between the ribs elevates the rib cage as a whole when they contract | External Intercostals |
| T/F: Sinusitis and a clod are examples of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) | TRUE |
Created by:
JML19
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