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Reproductive System

TermDefinition
zygote an offspring that's 1 cell big; the first ever diploid cell you were; a fertilized egg
vagina birth canal
hymen residual connective tissue that may remain internally after development of the vagina
myometrium muscle layer of uterus
vulva external genitalia of the female
gestation the 40 week period of development in the uterus from conception until birth; pregnancy
blastocyst an offspring may be referred to as this when it's about 100 cells big but organ systems are not yet developed
c-section method of delivering an infant through surgical means
mons pubis excess fat protective the pubic region, where pubic hair grows
dilation 1st of 3 stages of labor when the water breaks and the cervix is widening
mammary glands sweat glands that produce milk
labia skin folds protecting the entrance to the vagina & urethra
clitoris female penis; bundle of nerves that stimulate mucous production within the vagina
menstrual cycle changes that occur to the endometrium throughout the month as different hormones are produced, ending with shedding (period)
estrogen hormone that causes ovulation, development of breasts, & pubic hair
progesterone hormone that maintains pregnancy
embryo an offspring may be referred to as this starting from when it's 2 cells big up until about 8 weeks in development
oocyte egg
fertilization sperm cells join with egg cells to create a zygote in the fallopian tubes
fetus an offspring may be referred to as this when organ systems are developed (~9 weeks) and it begins to grow
placental delivery 3rd of 3 stages of labor when the placenta and umbilical cord are delivered from the uterus
menses sloughing of the endometrium when very little estrogen & progesterone are being produced (period)
endometrium inner layer of the uterus that changes each month to receive an embryo; sloughs off during menses if egg isn't fertilized
ovulation release of oocyte from an ovary
ovaries egg sac
fallopian tube site of fertilization
fimbriae finger-like projections on the end of the fallopian tubes that scoop up the egg
uterus womb
cervix "neck" of the uterus
urethra tube for urinating (in males, it's inside the penis)
gamete haploid sex cells (sperm & egg)
gonads sex organs before they're developed
down syndrome a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
epididymis on the posterior of the testis - where sperm mature & grow flagella
seminiferous tubules where sperm are produced within the testes
vasectomy procedure that dissects the vas deferens to prevent pregnancy
teste creates sperm & testosterone
Vas Deferens tube carrying sperm from the epididymis to the prostate gland
penis made of spongy erectile tissue that delivers ejaculate into the female reproductive tract
seminal vesicles produces most of a male's semen
semen nourishes and protects sperm
scrotum sac of skin outside the abdomen that keeps sperm at a temperature lower that internal body temperature
bulbourethral makes semen that comes out prior to ejaculation
prepuce folded cuff of skin around the glans of the penis that provides mucus for lubrication during intermission & is often circumcised in the USA; also called the foreskin
prostate sperm, semen, & urine all pass through this gland located between the bladder & penis
ejaculate sperm & semen mixture (includes sperm & semen from seminal vessicles, bulbourethral, and prostate)
testosterone hormone that causes enlargement of muscles, thickening of bones, and stimulates reproductive organ development
SRY gene Sex determining Region of the Y chromosome
glans enlarged tip/head of the penis
female the human body's "default" sex
meiosis sexual reproduction in cells
expulsion the 2nd of 3 stages of labor when the baby is delivered
menopause the time period where ovaries stop function and ovulation and menses ceases
sperm the male haploid cell
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