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Anatomy Unit 12
Cardiovascular system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Erythrocytes | Red blood cell |
| Plasma | Fluid portion of the blood |
| Hemoglobin | Oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells |
| Stem Cells | Undifferentiated cell that can divide to yield daughter stem cells, or a stem cell, or a progenitor cell |
| Hemostasis | Stoppage of bleeding |
| Coagulation | Blood clotting |
| Pulmonary Circuit | System of blood vessels that carries blood between the heart and lungs |
| Systemic Circuit | Vessels that conduct blood between the heart and all body tissues except the lungs |
| Pericardium | Serous membrane that surrounds the heart |
| Epicardium | Visceral part of the pericardium on the surface of the heart |
| Myocardium | Muscle tissue of the heart |
| Endocardium | Inner lining of the heart chamber |
| Atria | Cavity of the heart that receives the blood from the body |
| Ventricles | Cavity of the heart that pumps the blood out of the heart |
| Septum | Separates the chambers of the heart |
| Tricuspid Valve | Heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle |
| Pulmonary Valve | Valve that allows blood to leave the right ventricle and prevents back flow into the ventricle chamber |
| Mitral Valve | Heart valve between left atrium and the left ventricle. Bicuspid valve |
| Aorta | Major systemic artery that receives blood directly from the left ventricle |
| Aortic Valve | Flaplike structures in the wall of the aorta near its origin that prevent blood from returning to the left ventricle of the heart |
| Arterioles | Small branch of an artery that communicates with capillary network |
| Capillaries | Small blood vessels that connect an arteriole and a venule |
| Venules | Blood vessels that carry blood from the capillaries to the veins |
| Systolic Pressure | Arterial blood pressure reached during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle |
| Diastolic Pressure | Lowest arterial blood pressure reached during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle. |