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Vocab
LBOZO
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What causes wind? | The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure. Differences in air pressure. |
If a wind vane measures wind direction, then what does an anemometer do? | Measures air speed |
What is the wind-chill factor? | The increased cooling that a wind can cause. The wind blowing over your skin removes body heat. |
What causes local winds? | Winds that blow over short distances. Caused by unequal heating of Earth’s surface within a small area. |
What do monsoons produce for farmers? | Lots of rain for the crops. |
How is a global wind different from a local wind? | Global winds are winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances. Local winds are only over short distances. |
Warm air rises at the equator, and cold air sinks at the poles. This creates what type of currents that make wind? | Creates giant convection currents |
What is the Coriolis effect? | It is the way Earth’s rotation makes winds curve. |
Who was the Coriolis effect named after? | French mathematician who studied and explained it in 1835. |
What are the major global wind belts? | Major global wind belts- the trade winds, the prevailing westerlies, and the polar easterlies. |
Define latitude. | Latitude- is the distance from the equator, measured in degrees. |
Where is wind the weakest? | Weakest at about 30 degrees north and south latitudes, the air stops moving toward the poles and sinks. |
Where did “trade” winds get its name? | It is a steady easterly wind that helped carry cargoes from Europe to the West Indies and South America. |
What two winds play an important part in the weather in the U.S.? | Prevailing Westerlies Polar Easterlies |
What is the jet stream? | About 10 km above Earth’s surface are bands of high-speed winds. |
Define evaporation. | Process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor. |
Precipitation that falls on mountains reaches the oceans, lakes, and streams. Please explain how this occurs. | Water runs off surface, or moves through the ground, back to the oceans, lakes and streams. |
what happens in the cycle after evaporation occurs? | Water vapor in the atmosphere condenses to form clouds. Rain and other forms of precipitation fall from the clouds toward the surface. |
Define humidity. | Measure of the amount of water vapor in the air. |
Define relative humidity. | The percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the max. Amount the air could hold. |
Why do you feel less comfortable on a hot day that is humid opposed to being dry. | Evaporation slows down causing a less cooling effect on your body. |
How are clouds formed? | Clouds form when water vapor in the air becomes liquid water or ice crystals. |
Define condensation | Condensation- process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid water. |
Define dew point. | the temp. at which condensation begins |
What are the 3 main types of clouds that are associated with different types of weather? | Cumulus Stratus Cirrus |
Define cumulus. | Cumulus- fluffy, rounded piles of cotton. Give us fair weather. |
Define stratus. | Stratus- flat layers As they thicken, may produce drizzle, rain, or snow. |
Define cirrus. | Cirrus- wispy, feathery clouds Storm is approaching |
What does the prefix alto- mean like in altocumulus and altostratus? | “high” |
What is fog? | clouds that form at or near the ground. |
Wind | The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure. |
Anemometer | An instrument used to measure wind speed. |
Wind-chill factor | Increased cooling caused by the wind. |
Local wind | Winds that blow over short distances. |
Sea breeze | The flow of air from an ocean or lake to the land. |
Land breeze | he flow of air from land to a body of water. |
Monsoon | Sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons. |
Global wind | Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances. |
Coriolis effect | The way Earth’s rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left. |
Latitude | The distance from the equator, measured in degrees |
Jet streams | Bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth’s surface. |
Evaporation | The process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor. |
Humidity | A measure of the amount of water vapor in the air. |
Relative humidity | The percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount the air could hold at that temperature. |
Psychrometer | An instrument used to measure relative humidity, consisting of a wet-bulb thermometer and a dry-bulb thermometer. |