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A&P- Chapter 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the five general senses? | pain, touch, vibration, temperature, proprioception - detected by simple receptors |
| Reflex path for general senses: | receive stimulus, change receptor potential, threshold, action potential |
| Phasic | - fast adapting - inactive, then activated by stimulus - strong, then decline ex. hair root plexus |
| Tonic | - slow adapting - always active - proportional to stimulus |
| Receptor adaptation | reduction in sensitivity when given constant stimulus |
| Peripheral adaptation vs. central adaptation | Peripheral- occurs at receptor level Central-occurs at CNS level |
| Receptive field | - area monitored by receptor - larger rf, larger difficulty to localize stimulus |
| Nociceptors | - pain - responds to temp, chemicals, mechanical damage - free nerve endings, tonic, large rf - pain degree= level of glutamate/substance P released |
| Type A axons | sensation of fast pain (prickling) - somatic reflex |
| Type C axons | - slow pain (aching) - more difficult to pinpoint than type A |
| Thermoreceptors | - temp - free nerve endings, phasic, small rf |
| Mechanoreceptors | - detect distortion |
| Free nerve endings | - touch/pressure - between epidermal cells - tonic, small rf |
| Root hair plexus | - hair movement - wraps around hair root - phasic |
| Tactile disc | - Merkel disc - fine touch/pressure - associated with merkel cell - tonic, small rf |
| Tactile Corpuscle | - Meissner's - fine touch/low frequency vibration - dermis - phasic, large rf |
| Lamellated Corpuscle | - Pacinian - deep pressure/high frequency vibration - dermis - phasic, large rf |
| Ruffini Corpuscle | - pressure/skin distortion - deep dermis - tonic, large rf |
| Baroreceptors | - respond to pressure changes - found where organs enlarge - phasic |
| Proprioceptors | - monitor muscle/tendon contraction and joint position |
| Muscle Spindles | monitor length of muscle |
| Golgi tendon organs | monitor muscle tension |
| Joint capsule receptors | monitor joint movement |
| Chemoreceptors | changes in chem. conc. in blood/CSF |
| First order neuron | the receptor; receptor transfers stimulus to CNS |
| Second order neuron | interneuron; interneuron in brain/spine |
| Third order neuron | In thalamus |
| Posterior column pathway | - carries info wrt fine touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception |
| Within the posterior column pathway, info moves over either _____________ ________ or _________ _________. | Fasciculus gracilis/cuneatis tracts |
| Sensory homunculus | functional map of primary sensory cortex |
| Anterolateral pathway | - carries info wrt crude touch, pain, pressure, temperature |
| Within the anterolateral pathway, info moves over either ____________ and ____________ __________. | Anterior/lateral spinothalamic tracts |
| Spinocerebellar pathway | - carries info wrt position of joints, muscles, tendons |
| Within the spinocerebellar pathway, info moves over _________ __________ ________________. | anterior/posterior spinocerebellar tracts |
| Corticospinal pathway | - conscious control over skeletal muscle |
Created by:
madelineyork
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