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The Shoulder
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the bones of the shoulder? | Humerus, Scapula, Clavicle |
| What are the three true joints of the shoulder? | Glenohumeral Joint (GH), Acromioclavicular Joint (AC), Sternoclavicular Joint (SC) |
| What is the name of the false joint? | Scapulothoracic Articulation |
| The Scapula is known by the public as the what? | Shoulder Blade |
| The Clavicle is known by the public as the what? | Collarbone |
| What is the main shoulder joint? | Glenohumeral Joint |
| What type of joint is the shoulder joint? | Ball & Socket |
| The Intertubercular groove is also known as the what? | Bicipital Groove |
| The end of the spine of the scapula is known as the what? | Acromion |
| What is a fossa? | Indented Area |
| More mobility, the less what? | Stability |
| The medial end of the Clavicle joins what to form what joint? | Sternum, SC joint |
| The lateral end of the Clavicle joins what to form what joint? | Acromion, AC joint |
| How many ligaments attach to the Coracoid Process? | Three |
| What is the Clavicle held in place by? | Scapula |
| The bicep is what? | Two Headed |
| What two places does the bicep attach to? | GH, Coracoid |
| The Sternoclavicular joint contains what? | Fibrocartilaginous disc |
| The Fibrocartilaginous disc acts as what? | Acts like meniscus in shoulder |
| What is the meniscus? | The football stadium shaped cartilage in the knee |
| What are the muscles in the Rotator Cuff? | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis |
| What is the acronym for the muscles of the Rotator Cuff? | SITS |
| What is the primary function of the Supraspinatus? | GH Abduction |
| What is the primary function of the Infraspinatus? | GH External Rotation |
| What is the primary function of the Teres Minor? | GH External Rotation |
| What is the primary function of the Subscapularis? | GH Internal Rotation |
| The Deltoid is one muscle but acts like what? | Three |
| Biceps and Triceps are ___ muscles? | Two Joint |
| The Trapezius is one muscle but acts like what? | Three |
| What is the function of the Deltoids? | GH Abduction, Flexion, Extension |
| What is the function of the Biceps? | GH & Elbow Flexion |
| What is the function of the Triceps? | GH & Elbow Extension |
| What is the function of the Pectoralis Major? | GH Adduction, Flexion, Internal Rotation |
| What is the function of the Latissimus Dorsi? | GH Extension, Internal Rotation |
| What is the function of the Trapezius? | Scapular Elevation |
| What is the function of the Rhomboids? | Scapular Retraction (Moving together) |
| What is the function of the Serratus Anterior? | Scapular Protraction (Moving apart) |
| What muscles are involved with shoulder movement? | Deltoid, Biceps, Triceps, Pectoralis Major, Latissimus Dorsi |
| What muscles are involved with scapular movement? | Trapezius, Rhomboids, Serratus Anterior |
| What plane of motion is shoulder flexion & extension in? | Sagittal Plane |
| What plane of motion is shoulder abduction & adduction in? | Frontal/Coronal Plane |
| What plane of motion is shoulder internal & external rotation in? | Transverse Plane |
| What is the name of the quick ROM test? | Apley Scratch Test |
| What are the names of the ligaments in the shoulder? | Glenohumeral Lig., Coracohumeral Lig., Coracoacromial Lig., Coracoclavicular Lig. |
| What ligaments are apart of the shoulder joint? | Glenohumeral, Coracohumeral |
| What ligaments are apart of the AC joint? | Coracoacromial, Coracoclavicular |
| Which ligaments hold the "ball" in the "socket"? | Glenohumeral, Coracohumeral |
| Which ligament acts like a roof? | Coracohumeral |
| Out of all the shoulder ligaments, which of them have two ligaments, but are still called the same thing? | Coracoclavicular |
| A separation occurs to the what? | AC joint |
| A dislocation occur to the what? | Shoulder joint |
| What is the Brachial Plexus? | A network of five nerves |
| Where do the nerves in the Brachial Plexus originate from? | The spinal cord at levels Cervical 5 (C5) to Thoracic 1 (T1) |
| The 5 nerves within the Brachial Plexus lead to what three main nerves? | Radial nerve, Medial nerve, and Ulnar nerve |
| The Radial nerve is on which side of the hand? | Back side |
| What is the function of the Radial nerve? | Just comes down |
| The Medial Nerve is on which side of the hand? | Palm side |
| What is the function of the Medial Nerve? | Controls thumb, pointer, and middle finger |
| The Ulnar nerve is on which side of the hand? | Both palm and back |
| What is the function of the Ulnar nerve? | Controls ring and pinky finger |
| Nerves are insulated by what? | Fat |
| The thicker and more insulated a nerve is, the ___ the signals travel | Faster |
| What are the names of all the regions of the spine? | Cervical Region, Thoracic Region, Lumbar Region, Sacral Region |
| What is a recipe for disaster? | Bad mechanics and high volume output |
| A Brachial Plexus injury is also known as what? | Stingers/Burners |
| What is the reasoning behind the alternative name for a Brachial Plexus injury? | Arm feels like its stinging/burning |
| What causes a Brachial Plexus injury? | Compression or tension to the Brachial Plexus |
| What is nerve pain often described as? | Sharp, burning, etc. |
| What does the word "Transient" mean? | Comes and goes |
| What is the most commonly fractured bone in the shoulder? | Clavicle |
| If adults fracture their clavicle, it is usually a what fracture? | Complete |
| If children fracture their clavicle, it is usually a what fracture? | Greenstick |
| What is a greenstick fracture? | Bone is "splintered" |
| What is the most common MOI for upper body injuries? | FOOSH |
| What does FOOSH stand for? | Fall On Out-Stretched Hand(s) |
| What is a Sternoclavicular Sprain? | Overstretch/tear to the ligament that attaches the sternum to the clavicle |
| Is a Sternoclavicular Sprain a common injury in sport? | No, it is a relatively uncommon injury in sport |
| What causes an SC Sprain? | Impact to the SC joint |
| Would there be edema or effusion with an SC Sprain? | Effusion, the injury is in a joint |
| What is an Acromioclavicular Sprain? | Overstretch/tear or rupture of some/all of AC joint ligaments |
| Is an Acromioclavicular Sprain a common injury in sport? | Yes, it is very common |
| What causes an AC Sprain? | Blow to lateral shoulder, FOOSH |
| Is an AC Sprain a dislocation or separation? | Separation |
| What is Glenohumeral Instability? | Overstretch & weak joint capsule and shallow glenoid fossa |
| What causes Glenohumeral Instability? | Repetitive/Excessive Motion (Throwing/Swimming), Repeat Dislocations/Subluxations |
| What are the types of Glenohumeral Instability? | Anterior/Inferior, Posterior, Multi-Directional |
| Out of all of the types of Glenohumeral Instability, which is most common? | Anterior/Inferior |
| What does MDI stand for? | Multi-Directional Instability |
| What is the most commonly dislocated large joint in the body? | Shoulder Dislocation (GH) |
| What causes a Shoulder Dislocation? | Forced abduction or external rotation |
| What is the most common direction a shoulder dislocates in? | Anterior |
| What is a Sulcus sign? | An ident |
| What is Impingement Syndrome? | Compression of supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, and/or long head of biceps tendon in space between head of humerus and acromion |
| Impingement Syndrome occurs where? | In the Subacromial Space |
| What does RC stand for? | Rotator Cuff |
Created by:
bes21
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