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Concept Dis. Ch.21
Liver & Biliary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| benign tumor arising from glands | adenoma |
| secretion of liver containing bile salts, cholesterol, & other substances | bile |
| small terminal bile channel located between liver cords | bile canaliculus |
| derivatives of bile acids present in bile that act as emulsifiers promoting fat digestion & absorption | bile salts |
| diffuse liver call dmg & scarring w/distortion of liver cell structure & function caused by obstruction of bile ducts | biliary cirrhosis |
| abdominal pain that results when gallstone enters biliary duct system | biliary colic |
| (1) of bile pigments derived from breakdown of hemoglobin | bilirubin |
| inflammation of gallbladder | cholecystitis |
| formation of gallstones | cholelithiasis |
| complex compound containing several ring structures | cholesterol |
| complex compound found in cholesterol | sterol |
| disease characterized by diffuse intrahepatic scarring & liver cell degeneration | liver cirrhosis |
| more soluble form of bilirubin produced by addition of (2) molecules glucuronic acid to bilirubin molecule | conjugated bilirubin |
| (1) of herpes viruses causing infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms in adults & may cause congenital malformation in fetus | cytomegalovirus |
| virus that causes infectious mononucleosis | Epstein-Barr virus |
| inflammation of the liver | hepatitis |
| antigen containing in the core of hepatitis B virus | hepatitis B core antigen |
| coating of hepatitis B virus that is also found in great excess in blood of infected patients | hepatitis B surface antigen |
| yellow color of skin resulting from accumulation of bile pigment within blood | jaundice |
| phospholipid having detergent properties similar to bile salts | lecithin |
| phosphorus-containing lipid | phospholipid |
| histologic subdivision of liver in which columns of liver cells converge toward a central vein & portal tracts are located at periphery | liver lobule |
| irregular red-staining structure in cytoplasm of injured liver cells, usually resulting from alcohol-induced liver injury | Mallory body |
| aggregate of bile salt & lecithin molecules by which cholesterol is brought into solution in bile | micelle |
| surgically created anastomosis between portal vein & vena cava, performed to lower portal pressure in treatment of esophageal varices | portacaval shunt |
| branch of hepatic artery, portal vein & bile duct located at periphery of liver lobule | portal tract |
| surgically created anastomosis between splenic & renal veins, performed to lower portal pressure in treatment of esophageal varices | splenorenal shunt |
| nonsurgical method used to lower portal vein pressure in person w/cirrhosis by connecting an intrahepatic branch of portal vein to hepatic vein branch | transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt |
| detoxification, storage of vitamin B12, synthesis of plasma proteins, & metabolism of carbohydrates/fat & protein are the | functions of the liver |
| O2 rich blood is delivered to the liver through the | hepatic artery |
| bile greatly improves the digestion of | lipids |
| drug abuse, alcohol abuse, & viral infections can all cause | liver damage |
| has a short incubation period (2-6 weeks), acute in nature, & transferred through fecal-oral contamination | hepatitis A |
| affects mostly drug users already infected with hepatitis B | hepatitis D |
| was spread through infected blood transfusions before 1992 | hepatitis C |
| most frequently seen in the developing world and not encountered often in North America | hepatitis E |
| ___ is now recommended against hepatitis A & B | vaccination |
| alcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis, & alcoholic fatty liver disease are the stages of alcoholic | liver disease |
| alcoholic liver disease & chronic HBV/HBC infections are the most common causes of | cirrhosis of the liver |
| will develop in an attempt to steer blood around a cirrhotic liver | bypass veins |
| infection w/fever, portal-systemic vein bypass, gastrointestinal hemorrhage & binge drinking are capable of triggering | triggering hepatic encephalopathy |
| poisoning of brain due to impaired liver function | hepatic encephalopathy |
| autoimmune disease that damages the epithelium of the bile ducts | primary biliary cirrhosis |
| are asymptomatic while in the gallbladder | gallstones |
| gallstones occur in approximately __ of the population | 0.2 |
| hepatocellular, obstructive, & hemolytic are the major types of | jaundice |
| developing acutely in infants/children post mild viral infection; marked swelling of brain w/neurologic & liver dysfunction, possible jaundice | Reye's syndrome |
| if a child with Reye's syndrome develops a fever & viral infection they must be given ___ instead of ___ to avoid liver damage & CNS disease | acetaminophen; aspirin |
| most gallstone are composed of | cholesterol |
| bile is stored in gallbladder & is a biological detergent emulsifying fat so that it can be more readily digested by | pancreatic enzymes |
| is less efficient without bile | digestion |
Created by:
lfrancois
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