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Ch 8 Nervous System

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

QuestionAnswer
Four types of neuroglia in the CNS? Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes, Ependymal, Microglia
Which neuroglia is physically supports neurons, helps to form the B-B-B and looks like a "star"? Astrocytes
This neuroglial cells forms myelin sheath around CNS neurons. Oligodendrocytes
This neuroglial cell acts as a "phagocyte", which one is this? Microglia
The neuroglial cell is NOT located in the CNS. It forms myelin sheath around PNS neurons. Schwann cells
The neuroglial cells is described as "sausage-shaped cell" wrapped around the axon. Schwann cells
The appearance of ciliated epithelial cells is which neuroglial cell? Ependymal cells
The appearance of being a small cell with many processes is which neuroglial cell? microglial cell
Fiber bundle located in the PNS is ________________________. nerve
Tract is a fiber bundle located in the ____________________. CNS
Myelinated axons make up white matter. True/False True
Unmyelinated axons make up white matter. True/False False- gray matter is unmyelinated axons
Functions of the nervous system coordinates all body systems; detects & responds to stimuli; brain and spinal cored act as switching center; nerves carry message to and from these centers
PNS is comprised of _____________________ and _________________________________. 12pairs of Cranial Nerves and 31 pairs of Spinal nerves
What is the voltage for a neurons resting membrane potential? -70mV
What maintains the electrolyte concentration gradients? Sodium-potassium pump
What occurs when the membrane potential becomes LESS negative? (example -70mV to -30mV) depolarization
What occurs during repolarization? Membrane potential returns to resting state (resting membrane potential -70mV)
What happens to the membrane potential if it becomes MORE negative? (example -70mV to -100mV) hyperpolarization
During the rising phase of the AP, the stimulus opens _____________ channels. Na+; so the sodium enters cell
During the falling phase, what occurs with the Sodium (Na+) and what occurs with Potassium (K+)? Na+ stops entering the cell and potassium channels open
What is a synapse? the junction where nerve impulses move from one neuron to another cell
norepinephrine is responsible for constricting blood vessels, what is the purpose? maintains B/P in times of stress
ACH is a neurotransmitter that is needed for memory, learning, and attention. What happens if a person has a low level of ACH? Alzheimer's and possibly Myasthenia Gravis
The cervical plexus supplies what part of the body? head, neck, shoulder
The sacral plexus supplies what part of the body? pelvis, buttocks, genitals, thighs, calves, feet
The brachial plexus supplies what part of the body? chest, shoulder, arms, hands
The lumbar plexus supplies what part of the body? back, abdomen, groin, thighs, knees, calves
Dermatomes are _________________________ regions of skin supplied by different spinal nerves
What fluid is found in the central canal of the spinal cord? CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)
Sensory neurons are responsible for? Transmitting nerve impulses toward the CNS
An effector function is to _____________________________. receive nerve impulses from the CNS and carries out the action or response
Central nervous system function in the reflex arc is to ___________________________________. integrate information (computes) from sensory neuron and plans reaction
Which part of the reflex arc is responsible for carrying nerve impulses away from the CNS? motor neuron
ANS has two divisions- what are they? Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Sympathetic Nervous System function is Fight-or-fight (increases HR, B/P, respirations but decreases digestive system)
This part of the nervous system does not fell the stress- so it is said to be "rest and digest" Parasympathetic
Created by: Dr. N Jones
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