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Medical Final
Final terms flash cards
Term | Definition |
---|---|
abduction | Taken your limbs away from center body |
adduction | taking your limbs back into center body |
antibody | blood protein that counteracts a particular anti |
Antigen | A toxin or foreign body |
adhesion | scar like tissue inside the body that causes two surfaces to stick together. |
adjective | suffixes that make a word an adjective |
adjuvant | A substance that increases the body's immune response to antigen |
Albumin | A protein made by the liver. Carries things through your body |
arthroclasia | Surgical breaking of a joint fusion to allow full range of motion |
arthrodesis | surgical immobilization of a joint by fusion the adjacent bone |
actinic keratosis | Rough patch on skin caused by excessive sun exposure |
addison´s disease | illness caused when the body does not produce enough hormones |
alopecia | sudden hair loss |
anastomosis | surgical connection of healthy tubular structures in the body after excision of diseased portion |
aneurysm | An abnormal bulge in the body |
angina pectoris | chest pain when your heart doesn't get enough blood and oxygen |
antecubital | region situated in the cusp of the inner elbow |
ascites | when fluid collects in spaces within your abdomen |
astigmatism | imperfection of eye curvature that causes blurred vision and near vision |
atypical | Not normal |
axillary | relating to your armpit |
bacteria | Large group of single-cell microorganism |
bariatric surgery | surgical removal of stomach tissue in order to reduce the amount of volume it holds |
blepharoplasty | surgical removal of excessive skin on the eyelids |
Bone scan | A scan of the bone to check for any abnormal areas |
borborygmi | Gurgling noise made by movement of fluid and gas in your intestines |
buccal | relating to the cheek |
candidiasis | Fungal infection caused by candida yeast. |
carcinoma in situ | When cancer cells are only found in the place where they formed and have not metastasized. |
cardiac arrest | When the heart stops beating suddenly |
Cardiomyopathy | conditions and diseases involving the heart muscle. |
Cerebral thrombosis | occurs when a blood clot occurs in the brain |
chlamydia | common bacterial infection found between men and women |
cicatrix | colloquially known as a scar |
claudication | pain in the arms of legs that happens while in use, normally caused by lack of blood flow to the limbs |
computed tomography | A machine that uses X-rays to produce images of the body |
concussion | traumatic brain injury cause by a hit to the head |
conductive hearing | hearing loss caused by the blockage of the external or middle ear |
condyloma | raised growth on the skin around the genitals caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) |
congenital | Concerning a disease of bodily defect that has been present from birth |
congestive heart failure | Heart failure caused when the heart doesn't pump blood well. Can cause fluid in the lungs and limbs |
crohns disease | The name for inflammation in a person´s digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain etc. |
cryotherapy | Using cold temperatures to treat inflammation etc. |
cushings syndrome | When your body makes too much cortisol( stress hormone) over a long period of time. Can cause weight gain and irregular blood pressure and sugar levels. |
cutaneous | relating to or affecting the skin |
cystography | The use of x-rays to image an individual´s bladder |
cystourethrography | An x-ray used to look for bladder and urethral abnormalities |
deglutition | The action or process of swallowing |
dermatoplasty | Any surgical procedure that occurs on the skin |
diabetic retinopathy | Disease and conditions of the retina that is caused by diabetes |
diastolic | Measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats ( 2nd number) |
systolic | Measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats( 1st number) |
distal | situated away from the center( back end/ behind) |
diuresis | When the kidney filters too much bodily fluid, leads to increased urinary frequency. |
dorsal | Back side or back view |
dyspepsia | pain or discomfort drinking |
dysphagia | pain or discomfort swallowing |
dysphonia | difficulty speaking due to a physical disorder or the mouth, throat, tongue, etc |
dysplasia | abnormal growth or development of a tissue or organ( May signify a stage preceding the development of cancer) |
dyspnea | difficulty or trouble breathing |
dysuria | difficulty or trouble urinating |
embolism | A blood clot that takes place in the blood stream and moves around |
embolus | the clot itself( Anything too small to continue traveling through the vein) |
emesis | Colloquially known as vomiting |
emmetropia | The normal state of the eye |
enuresis | involuntary urination |
epidemiology | The study of health and diseases that affect a community |
epidural hematoma | Collection of blood that occurs between the skull and the dura mater |
epilepsy | Disorder where the nerve cells in the brain are disrupted, causing seizures |
eructation | Colloquially known as belching, burping, etc. |
eschar | dead tissue that eventually falls off healthy skin after an injury |
etiology | The cause, set of causes, or manner of cause of a disease |
etymology | The study of the origin of words |
eupena | normal, relaxed breathing |
extension | fully stretching a limb |
fibrosis | overgrowth, hardening, or scarring of various tissues |
flexion | The action of bending a limb |
fluoroscopy | A medical procedure that makes a real time video of the movement of the body |
fungus | A single-celled organism |
gastric lavage | colloquially known as "stomach pumping". Procedure where you remove all the contents of the stomach |
gavage | Force feeding |
genital herpes | Common sexually transmitted infection caused by Herpes simplex virus. |
glaucoma | Eye diseases |
gonorrhea | A sexually transmitted disease caused by gonorrhoeae bacterium |
Graves disease | is an immune system disorder when your thyroid produces too much hormone.( T3 and T4, regulates weight, skin, hair, etc) |
gynecomastia | Abnormal tissue growth in men |
Hashimoto´s disease | When the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, inhibiting thyroid activity |
hemangioma | Bright red birthmark, usually occurring at birth |
hematoma | A blood clot that takes place outside of a blood vessel |
hemorrhage | Profuse bleeding from a ruptured blood vessel |
hirsutism | A condition in woman that results in abnormal male pattern hair-growth |
histamine | A compound that is released by cells in response to injury |
hyperplasia | The enlargement of a tissue or organ by an increase in the reproduction of the cell |
iatrogenic | relating to illness caused by medical treatment |
idiopathic | A disease that arises spontaneously, in which the cause is unknown |
ileus | Temporary lack of normal muscle contractions that occur in the intestines |
intravenous pyelography | x-ray exam of the urinary tract |
irritable bowel syndrome | intestinal disorder causing pain in the belly, gas, constipation, etc |
keloid | A thick, raised scar |
keratoplasty | surgery carried out on the cornea |
KUB Test( Kidey, Ureter, Bladder) | used to assess the abdominal area for causing of pain, or to access organs |
kyphosis | exaggerated forward rounding of the back |
lacrimal | relating to tear production |
laparotomy | surgical incision into the abdominal cavity, usually in preparation for surgery |
leiomyosarcoma | Rare cancer that grows in smooth muscle tissue |
lordosis | excessive inward curvature of the spine |
lumpectomy | surgery to remove cancer or other abnormal tissue from the breast |
lymph | relating to bodily fluid |
macular degeneration | The breaking down of the retinal cones of the eye that is responsible for central vision |
magnetic resonance imaging | Uses radio waves and a large magnet to make a series of detailed pictures of inside the body |
mammography | series of x-ray images of inside the breast |
mastication | Colloquially known as chewing |
medial | situated in the middle |
Mohs Surgery | A procedure used to treat and determine types of skin cancer. A layer of skin is cut away and looked at for the presence of cancer. |
morbid | indicative of disease( Way that is unusual and regarded as unhealthy) |
mucous | relating to mucus |
mutagen | relating to something that causes a mutation |
myocardial infarction | Colloquially known as a heart attack |
myopia | Colloquially known as near sightedness |
myringoplasty | A surgery performed to repair a hole in the eardrum |
narcolepsy | chronic neurological disorder that affects the brain´s ability to control sleep-wake cycles |
neoplasia | The formation of a new, abnormal growth of tissue |
neoplasm | new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body |
neurosis | mental condition that is not caused by organic diseases involving symptoms of stress, anxiety, etc. |
nulligravida | A female that has never been pregnant |
nullipara | A female that has never completed a pregnancy at 20 weeks gestation of greater |
nyctalopia | inability to see in dim light or at night |
occlusion | blockage of a blood vessel |
oliguria | increased volume of urination |
oncogenic | Gene that has potential to cause cancer |
onychomycosis | fungal infection of the finger or toe nails that causes discoloration, thickening and seperation from the nail bed |
osteoarthritis | When the cartilage between the joint begins to break down and wear down the underlying bone as a result, causing pain |
osteonecrosis | When bone cells and tissue start to die as a result of lack of blood flow |
osteopenia | loss of bone mineral density that causes weakened bone |
osteoporosis | More extreme lose of bone density, where the bone begins porous and susceptible to fracture |
ovum | A mature female reproductive cell |
palliative | relieving symptoms without addressing the underlying cause |
paracentesis | Procedure that removes fluid from the abdomen using a slender needle. |
parenteral nutrition | When a person is fed through a vein in order to get the proper nutrition |
paronychia | nail inflammation that may occur as a result of trauma |
perforated | A hole that develops through the wall of a bodily organ |
perfusion | passing of fluid through your circulatory/lymphatic system to an organ or tissue. Blood is passed through the circulatory system and is delivered to the cells of the tissues. |
plantar | relating to the sole of the foot |
plasma | The clear yellowish fluid found if seperating blood |
pleurisy | A condition in which the pleura (two large thin layers of tissue that separate your lungs from the chest wall) become inflamed |
pneumonia | severe infection and inflammation of the lungs |
pneumothorax | colloquially known as a collapsed lung. A collapsed lung is caused when there is air around the lung |
polydipsia | medical definition of excessive thirst |
primary tumor | A term used to indicate the first tumor that is in the body |
pronation | A rotational movement of the forearm that results in the palm facing posteriorly |
proximal | Situated nearer to the center of the body or the point of attachment |
pruritic | Having to do with pus |
purulent | consisting of , containing , or discharging pus |
pyrogen | inducing fever |
radical mastectomy | Surgical procedure when the whole breast is removed, as well as the lymph nodes and chest muscles under the breast |
reduction | A lessening or diminishing |
resection | The process of cutting out tissue or part of the organ |
residual | remaining after the greater or quantity has gone |
residual volume | The volume of air left in your lungs after you exhale fully |
retinitis pigmentosa | A group of rare eye diseases that affect the retina. Makes the cells in the retina break down over time, causing vision loss |
retrograde pyelography | imaging test that uses x-rays to look at your bladder, ureters, and kidneys |
rhabomysarcoma | A type of cancer that usually begins in muscles that are attached to bones. |
scoliosis | sideways curvature of the spine |
sensorineural | disease of the inner air or the auditory nerve |
septoplasty | surgical procedure to straighten the bone and cartilage in your septum |
serous | pertaining to serum |
serum | The clear liquid part of the blood that remains after blood cells and clotting factors have been removed |
simple mastectomy | Surgery to remove the whole breast, which may include the nipples, areola, and skin over the breast |
steatorrhea | Excessive amount of fat present in your fecal matter |
subdural hematoma | occurs when a blood vessel in the subdural space( space between the brain and the skull) is damaged, this leads to a blood clot that puts pressure on the brain |
suppination | Rotational movement that results in the palm facing upwards |
syncope | A loss of consciousness for a short period of time |
synovial | relating to a type of joint that is surrounded by a thick egg-white consistent fluid |
tamponade | pressure on the heart that occurs when blood or fluid builds up in the space between the heart muscle and the outer covering sac of the heart. |
tarsal | relating to the tarsus( Bones in the foot that make up the mid and hind foot) |
thrombosis | blood clot |
thrombus | A blood clot that forms in the vein |
tidal volume | The amount of air that moves in and out of your lungs |
total lung capacity | The amount of air that your lungs can hold with a maximal inhale |
trabeculoplasty | Glaucoma surgery performed on the eye that creates a new pathway for fluid inside the eye to be drained |
transient ischemic attack | temporary blockage of blood to the brain |
ucler | A sore on smooth tissue |
ulcerative colitis | An inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in your digestive tract |
urinary frequency | The amount of times you need to urinate |
verruca | A wart |
virilism | The development of male physical characteristics in a boy |
vital capacity | The greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath |
whole blood | blood consisting of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets |
xerosis | abnormally dry skin or membranes |