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Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how many bones does an adult have? | 206 |
| how many bones does an infant have? | 350 |
| what does the axial skeleton contain? | skull,spinal column,ribs,breastbone |
| what does the appendicular skeleton contain? | plvic area, shoulders, upper and lower extremeties |
| long bones | extremities |
| long shaft | diaphysis |
| ends of bone | epiphysis |
| where is the red marrow found? | in humerous and femur ends |
| where is the medullary canal? | inside the diaphysis |
| what is the medullary canal filled with? | yellow marrow |
| what is the endosteum? | it lines the medullary canal |
| where is red marrow found? | vertebrae and ribs |
| what is the function of red marrow? | produces red blood cells, platelets, and some white blood cells |
| where is the periosteum? | outside of bone |
| what is the periosteum necessary for? | bone growth, repair, and nutrition |
| what does the periosteum contain? | blood vessels, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, articular cartilage |
| what are osteoblasts? | cells that form new bone tissue |
| what are osteoclasts? | break down bones |
| what are the bones of the skull? | cranial, and facial |
| how many bones are in the skull? | 8 |
| what are the eight skull bones? | frontal, 2 pariental, 2 temporal, occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid |
| how many facial bones are there? | 14 |
| what are the facial bones? | mandible, maxilla, zygomatic |
| what is a suture? | areas where cranial bones have joined together. |
| what are the sinuses? | air spaces in bones of skull, resonating chambers for voice. |
| what is the foramina? | openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone |
| what are the fontanels? | soft spots |
| what age do bones become solid? | eighteen months old |
| how many vertebrae are there? | 26 |
| what are the specific vertebrae and their locations? | 7 cervical (neck)12 thoracic (chest)5 lumbar (waist)1 sacrum ( back of pelvic girdle)1 coccyx (tailbone) |
| what are the intervertebral disks? | seperate vertebrae, shock absorbers, oermit bending and twisting |
| what are the ribs also known as? | costae |
| where do the ribs attach? | thoracic vertebrae on dorsal aspect of body |
| what are the true ribs? | first 7 pairs; attach directly to sternum |
| what are the false ribs? | the last 5 pairs |
| what are the last two ribs? | floating ribs |
| what does the sternum or breastbone contain? | manubrium, gladiolus, and xiphoid |
| what is the shoulder or pectoral girdle made up of? | 2 clavicles, 2 scapulas, humerus |
| what are the bones of the arm? | humerus, radius, ulna, olecranon process |
| what are the bones of the hand? | carpal (8)- wristmetacarpal (5) - palm of handphalanges (14) - fingers |
| what are the bones of the pelvic girdle? | 2 os coxae (hip bones) |
| 3 fused bones of the pelvic girdle? | ilium, ishium, pubis |
| what is the acetabula? | 2 recessed socket (hip) |
| what is the obturator foramen? | opening for nerves and blood vessels |
| the bones of the leg? | femurpatellatibiafibula |
| what are the bones of the feet? | tarsalscalcaneousmetatarsalsphalanges |
| diarthrosis | freely movable joint ball socket joints |
| amphiarthrosis | slightly movable, attatchment of ribs to thoracic vertebrae |
| synarthrosis | immovable suture joints of cranium. |
Created by:
laurenalafranca
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