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HS- Skeletal System
Skeletal System Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many adult bones are in the skeletal system? | 206 |
| The axial skeleton consists of what? | Skull, Spinal column, Ribs, Sternum, and Hyoid Bone |
| The appendicular skeleton consists of what? | Extremities, pelvic and shoulder girdles |
| How many bones are in the upper extremities? | 64 |
| How many bones are in the lower extremities? | 62 |
| What are functions of the skeletal system? | Framework for muscles, fat, and skinProtect internal structuresProduction of blood cellsStorage of calcium, phosphorous, and fatLevers |
| What are bones of extremities? | Long Bones |
| What is the long shaft of a bone called? | Diaphysis |
| What are the ends of the bones called? | Epiphysis |
| Where is red marrow found? | In proximal ends of humerus and femur |
| This is iniside the diaphysis and filled with yellow marrow | Medullary Canal |
| This lines the medullary canal, keeps yellow marrow intact, and produces some bone growth. | Endosteum |
| This is found in vertebrae, ribs, proximal ends of humerus and femur and produces RBCs, WBCs, and platelets | Red Marrow |
| This is outside of bone, and it is tough membrane that is necessary for bone growth and repair and nutrition. | Periosteum |
| Cells that form new bone tissue | Osteoblasts |
| Cells that break down bone | Osteoclasts |
| The skull is composed of what type of bones? | Cranial and Facial |
| What are the 8 bones of the cranium | Frontal, Temporal, Ethmoid, Parietal, Occipital, and Sphemoid |
| What are the 14 facial bones? | Mandible, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Lacrimal, Nasal and Palatine |
| What is an area where cranial bones have joined together? | Suture |
| What are airspaces in the skull that act as resonating chambers? | Sinuses |
| What are openining that allow nerves and bld vessels to enter/ leave bones | Foramina |
| What turns into solid bone around 18 months of age? | Fontanels |
| How many bones are in the Spinal Column | 26 |
| What are the 2 functions of Vertebrae | To protect the spinal cord, and support head and trunk |
| How many cervical vertebrae are there and where are they located? | 7 in the neck |
| How many thoracic vertebrae are there and where are they located? | 12- chest, attach to ribs |
| How many Lumbar vertebrae are there and where are they located? | 5- waist, including the sacrum and coccyx |
| What are pads of cartilage that separate the vertebrae and absorb shock and permit bending and twisting | Intervertebral Disks |
| How many ribs are there? | 12 |
| True ribs are the first __ pairs | 7 |
| False ribs are the last __ pairs | 5 |
| The sternum includes | Manubrium, Gladiolus, and Xiphoid Process |
| The pectoral girdle, or shoulder is made up of which bones? | 2 Clavicles, 2 Scapulas, and Proximal end of humerus |
| This is the upper arm | Humerus |
| Lower arm on thumb side | Radius |
| Lower arm | Ulna |
| This forms the elbow | Olecranon process |
| How many carpals are there and where are they located | 8- in the wrist |
| How many metacarpals are there and where are they located? | 5- palm of the hand |
| How many phalanges are there and where are they located? | 14- Fingers |
| 3 fused sections of the Pelvic Girdle | Ilium, Ischium, and pubis |
| What is the opening for nerves/ bld vessels in the pelvic bone? | Obturator foramen |
| Thigh bone? | Femur |
| Knee cap? | Patella |
| Lower leg (medial aspect) | tibia |
| Lower leg (lateral aspect) | Fibula |
| How many bones are in the tarsals and where are they located? | 7- ankle |
| What is the calcaneus | (Heel) Largest tarsal |
| How many metatarsals are there and where are they located? | 5- instep of foot |
| How many phalanges are in the foot and where are they located? | 14- toes |
| What is a freely moveable joint called? | Synovial |
| What is a slightly moveable joint called? | Amphiarthrosis |
| What is an immovable joint called? | Synarthrosis |
| Inflammation of the Joints | Arthritis |
| Inflammation of the bursae | bursitis |
| Bone forcibly displaced from a joint? | Dislocation |
| Twisting action that tears ligaments at a joint | Sprain |
| Bone inflammation usually caused by a pathogenic organism | osteomyleitis |
| Increased softening of the bones | Osteoporosis |
| When invertebral disk ruptures or protrudes | Ruptured Disk |
Created by:
Harperwhite
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