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med-term 15h
bone, muscle, joint pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ewing sarcoma | malignant - bone & soft tissue, usually kids |
| exostosis | benign - bony growth |
| bunion | swelling of metatarsophalangeal joint (base of big toe) build up soft tissue & bone |
| fracture | traumatic breaking of bone |
| closed fracture | broken no open wound in skin |
| open fracture | compound, bone broken & fragment protrudes thru skin |
| pathologic fracture | caused by disease of bone making it weak |
| crepitus | crackling sound - bones rub against bone or rough cartilage |
| Colles fracture | wrist |
| comminuted fracture | crushed, splintered |
| compression fracture | compressed, collapses (eg: vertebrae) |
| greenstick fracture | break not all the way thru, usually kids because bones are pliable |
| impacted fracture | bone drives into another bone (accidents) |
| reduction | restore bone to normal > fracture |
| closed reduction | cast w/o incision |
| open reduction | incision to realign then cast (sometimes rods & screws) |
| cast | solid mold of body part |
| ORIF | OPEN REDUCTION/INTERNAL FIXATION (usually w rods, screws, plates & pins) |
| osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma) | malignant tumor from osteoblasts (new cells) |
| metastatic bone lesions | malignant tumors from other parts of body (breast, lung, etc) that metastisize to bones |
| osteomalacia | softening of bones (not enough calcium) |
| rickets | infants & children - osteomalacia - not enough calcium & phosphorus |
| osteomyelitis | infl of bonemarrow & muscle, hard to treat, abscesses form, antibiotics can't penetrate |
| osteoporosis | thinning & weakening of bone, porous - worse than osteopenia |
| kyphosis | loss of bone mass frm osteoporosis |
| talipes | congenital abnormality of hindfoot - CLUBFOOT |
| ankylosing spondylitis | chronic progressive arthritis of joints, primarily spine - bilateral hardening of joints |
| arthritis | inflammation of joints |
| gouty arthritis (gout) | to much uric acid (hyperuricemia) |
| osteosrthritis (OA) | wearing away of bone - usually older patients |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | autoimmune, against joint tissue esp. synovial membrane |
| bony ankylosis | found in RA - fibrous tissue forms & calcifies |
| pyrexia | fever - symptom of RA |
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) | median nerve compressed passing b/w ligament, bones, and tendons of wrist |
| dislocation | displacement of bone from joint |
| ganglion | fluid filled cyst on tendon (usually hand) |
| herniation of intervertebral disk | slipped disk |
| laminectomy | surgical removal of portion of vertebral arch |
| diskecomy | removal of all or part of protruding disk) |
| spinal fusion | 2 vertbrae fused tog |
| chemonucleolysis | disk dissolving enzyem injected into center of herniated disk to relieve pressure on compressed nerve or spinal cord |
| Lyme disease | arthritis, myalgia and malaise, bacterium |
| sprain | injury to ligament (knee, ankle, wrist) |
| strain | overstretching muscle |
| HPN | herniated nucleus pulpus |
| SLE | autoimmune, joints, skin, kidneys, CNS, heart & lungs, butterfly |
| muscular dystrophy | inherited, progressive weakness & degeneration of muscle w/o involvement of nervous syst |
| polymyositis | chronic inflammatory myopathy, muscles ache on both sides, rash ~ eyes, face & limbs, probably autoimmune |
Created by:
gma.d
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