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med-term 15e
medterm 15 bone anatomy & head
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| osteoblasts | cells that make bone |
| osteoclasts | bone phagocytes, cells that clear away old, dead tissue |
| ossification | bone formation |
| bone types | long, short, flat, sesamoid |
| sesamoid bones | small, round - resemble sesames, found near joints to incr efficiency of muscles there |
| bone drs | rheumatologist (not surgeon), orthopedist (surgeon), osteopathic phys (DO)(surgical) |
| diaphysis | shaft of long bone |
| epiphysis | end of long bone |
| epiphysis line | growth plate |
| metaphysis | neck of long bone (flare) |
| periosteum | strong, fibrous, vascular membrane covering bone |
| articular cartilage | covers joints that meet other bones (cartilage) |
| compact bone | cortical (hard, dense bone under periosteum, contains canals |
| haversian canals | in compact bone, brings blood, ox and nutriesnt to bone, removes waste (CO2) |
| medullary cavity | contains yellow marrow |
| cancellous bone | spongy or trabecualr bone, more porous & dense than compact |
| trabeculae | spongy latticework, inepiphyses & metaphyses of long bone |
| red bone marrow | immature & mature blood cells (osteoblasts) found in spaces of cancellous bones |
| bone processes | enlarged areas extending out of bone for muscle & tendons to attach to |
| bone head | process- rounded end separated from bone body by neck, covered w cartilage |
| femoral head | bone head of femur |
| greater trochanter | lg process on femur - attach area for muscles & tendons |
| lesser trochanter | smaller process than greater trochanter |
| tubercle | rounded process |
| tuberosity | small rounded elevation of bone |
| condyle | rounded, knuckle like process at joint, usually covered w articular cartilage |
| fossa | shallow cavity in or on bone (depression on bone) |
| foramen | opening for blood vessels & nerves (eg: open in skull for spinal column) |
| foramen magnum | opening in skull - occipital bone -for spinal cord to pass through to brain |
| fissure | narrow, deep slit like opening (eg: superior orbital in eyesocket) |
| sinus | hollow cavity in bone (in facial bones) |
| sutures | joints - where the cranial bones join tog |
| fontanelles | soft spot on baby head (little fountain) |
| frontal bone | skull - front |
| parietal bone | roof of skull |
| temporal | around ears |
| occipital | back & base of skull |
| sphenoid bone | batshaped - lays infront of temporal & behind eyes |
| ethmoid bone | thin, delicate supports nasal cavity & part of eye orbits |
| temporomandibular joint | TMJ - connection temporal - mandibular joint |
| mastoid process | round process of temporal |
| styloid process | projects downward fr temporal bone |
| sella turcica | depression in sphenoid bone |
| nasal bones | 2 slender bones support bridge of nose |
| lacrimial | 2 sm thin bones at corner of eye (tear gland area) |
| maxillary | 2 upper jawbone (maxillae) |
| cleft palate | maxillary bones do not suture < birth |
| mandibular bone | lower jawbone (mandible) |
| alveoli | sockets in maxillary and mandibular for teeth to form |
| zygomatic bones | 2 high cheeks |
| vomer | thin single flat bone forms lower nasal septum |
| sinuses | air cavities w/in cranial & facial bones |
Created by:
gma.d
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