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ch 24 - bio169

digestive system

QuestionAnswer
Ingestion occurs when materials enter the digestive tract via the mouth.
Mechanical Processing crushing and shearing that makes materials easier to propel along the digestive tract
Digestion the chemical breakdown of food into small organic fragments suitable for absorption by the digestive epithelium.
Secretion the release of water, acids, enzymes, buffers, and salts by the epithelium of the digestive tract and by glandular organs.
Absorption the movement of organic substrates, electrolytes, vitamins, and water across the digestive epithelium and into the interstitial fluid of the digestive tract.
Excretion the removal of waste products from body fluids.
The lining of the digestive tract plays a protective role by safeguarding surrounding tissues against: 1. The corrosive effects of digestive acids and enzymes 2. Mechanical stresses, such as abrasion 3. Bacteria that either are swallowed with food or reside in digestive tract.
Visceral Peritoneum covers organs within the peritoneal cavity
Parietal Peritoneum lines the inner surfaces of the body wall
Mesentery double sheets of peritoneal membrane
Lesser omentum stabilizes the position of the stomach and provides an access route for blood vessels and other structures entering or leaving the liver
Falciform Ligament helps stabilize the position of the liver relative to the diaphragm and abdominal wall
The major layers of the digestive tract: 1. Mucosa 2. Submucosa 3. Muscularis externa 4. Serosa
Mucosa Inner lining of the digestive tract
Enteroendocrine Cells secretes hormones that coordinate the activities of the digestive tract and the accessory glands.
Created by: jriewestahl
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