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muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is contraction? | when the muscle shortens |
| what is the sheath that surrounds the muscle? | epimysium |
| what is fascia? | connective tissue that holds the muscle in place |
| what is associated with muscle fibers? | myofibrils |
| what are two types of protein fibers found in myofibrils? | actin & myosin myofilaments |
| what do myofilaments produce? | sarcomeres |
| what are motor neurons? | nerves that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle |
| what is in charge of muscle contraction and movement? | sliding filament mechanism |
| what is a muscle twitch? | muscle reaction to a stimulus |
| what is tetany? | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxation |
| what is an energy source for muscles? | ATP |
| what is anaerobic respiration? | without oxygen |
| what is aerobic respiration? | with oxygen |
| what is caused when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced? | muscle fatigue |
| what is an isometric contraction?? | when the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases |
| what is an isotonic contraction? | length of muscle changes, the tension does not change |
| what is constant tension produced by muscles of the body for a long time? | muscle tone |
| what are characteristics of fast twitch muscle fibers? | contract quickly, fatigue quickly |
| what are characteristics of slow twitch muscle fibers? | contract slowly, fatigue slowly |
| T or F; Everyone has the same muscle insertions | F |
| what is the head of the muscle called? | origin |
| what is the end of the muscle called? | insertion |
| where is the muscle belly located? | between the origin and the insertion |
| what type of muscles are synergists? | muscles that work together to accomplish a specific movement |
| what is an antagonistic muscle group? | when muscle work oppositely to accomplish a movement |
| where are antagonistic muscle groups most commonly found? | biceps and triceps, hamstrings and quadriceps |
| how many muscles are in the hamstring? | three |
| where is the sternocleidomastoid found? | the neck |
| what is the biggest muscle in your body? | gluteus maximus |
| this muscle is responsible for extending the leg. | quadriceps femoris |
| this muscle is responsible for flexing the leg. | biceps femoris |
| what is the two headed muscle in charge of plantar flexion? | Gastrocnemius |
| what are the lateral muscles of the leg? | perineals |
| what does the gastrocnemius and the soleus form? | the Achilles tendon |
| flexes the arm | biceps brachii |
| extends the arm | triceps brachii |
| what muscle rotates the scapula? | trapezius |
| what is the muscle in charge of dorsi-flexion? | tibialis anterior |
| what movement is towards the midline of the body? | adduction |
| what movement is away from the midline of the body? | abduction |
| what are the eye muscles? | orbicularis oculi |
| what are the dark stained bands in the sarcomere? | the A bands |
| what are the A bands made up of? | myosin |
| what breaks down the acetylcholine? | acetylcholinesterase |
| What type of movement is throwing a baseball? | isotonic |
| what phase is at the beginning of contraction? | lag phase |
| what phase is during the contraction? | contraction phase |
| what phase is after the contraction? | relaxation phase |
| what is excitability? | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. |
| what is extensibility? | the ability to be stretched |
| what is elasticity? | the ability for the muscle to go back to normal after contraction |
| what surrounds fasculi? | perimysium |
| muscle fibers are sourrounded by? | endomysium |
| what is the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell? | synaptic cleft |
| what does each presynaptic terminal contain? | synaptic vessels |
| what neurotransmitter is associated with this section? | acetylcholine |
| what is the increase in number of motor units being activated is called? | recruitment |
| what is another form of energy for muscles? | creatine phosphate |
| what is the muscle called when they take control over the other muscle in a movement? | prime mover |
| what is mastication in charge of? | chewing |
| what is the Orbicular Oris in charge of? | puckering lips |
| what is the buccinator in charge of? | flattens cheeks |
| intrinsic tongue muscles do what? | change shape of tongue |
| extrinsic tongue muscles do what? | move the tongue |
| what is Platysma? | sheetlike muscle that covers the anterolateral neck |
| what muscles keep the back erect and straight? | erector spinae |
| what is the diaphragm in charge of? | breathing |
| External intercostals? | elevate the ribs during inspiration. |
| Internal intercostals? | contract during forced expiration |
| what pulls the scapula? | serratious anterior |
| can muscles grow? | yes |
| what are the benefits from muscle? | movement, storage, temperature regulation |
| what are the three types of muscle? | smooth, cardiac, skeletal |
| what do muscles need? | protein |
| what is the latin root of "muscle" | myo- |
Created by:
Gward02
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