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Nutrition #2
carbs & fats
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the major function of carbohydrates? | provide heat & energy |
| What is the major building block of a CHO? | Glucose |
| How many calories of energy do we get from CHO? | 4 cal/g |
| what are the 3 groups of carbohydrates? | monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides |
| which one is referred to as a simple sugar? list some examples. | monosaccharides. glucose, fructose, galactose. |
| which one is referred to as a double sugar? list some examples. | disaccharides. sucrose, maltose, lactose. |
| which one is referred to as a complex CHO? list some examples. | polysaccharides. veggies, starches, grains. |
| KNow the 2 ways we store glucose? | 1.) convert to glycogen and store it in the liver & muscles. 2.) convert to fat & store it in adipose tissue. |
| which values would indicate a high glycemic index? low glycemic index? | 70 or higher. 55 or lower |
| which type of fiber lowers cholesterol? give an example. | soluble fiber, oat bran, peas, beans & fruits |
| Which one helps with elimination? give an example. | insoluble fiber, whole grains, beans. |
| what is a whole grain? | all 3 parts bran, endosperm, & germ |
| what is the major function of fat? | heat & energy. |
| How many calories of energy do we get from fat? | 9 cal/g |
| what is a saturated fat? know some examples. | fat solid at room temp, most from animal sources-whole milk dairy products, egg yolks, lard, meat, poultry skin, seafood, coconut & coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil. |
| what is a triglyceride? | main storage form of fat/lipid |
| what is the recommended fat intake? | 20-35% of total cals of the day |
| what is cholesterol? how is it used in the body & where is it made? | nutrient not fat, makes cell membranes, hormones, Vit D, 75% made in liver 25% from food sources. |
| What is LDL? | cholesterol that deposits fats in ur tissues. Bad |
| What is HDL? | cholesterol that transports fat to the liver for excretion. Good |
| Lipo Porteins transport lipids. | |
| what is a trans fat? list some sources. | fats produced by chemical processing. fat gets heated hydrogen gets added to it. most margarines,veggie shortening, fast foods, deep-fried chips. |
| what is unsaturated fat? name the 2 kinds and list some sources. | soft or oily at room temp. less hydrogen then sat fat. 2 sources monounsaturated & polyunsaturated.M-olives,olive oil, canola oil, peanut oil, cashews, most other nuts. P-corn, soybean,safflower & cottonseed oils, fish. |
| what things can lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides? | less saturated fats more unsaturated fats, exercise, increasing soluble fibers. |
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sawdaddy7866
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