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Urinary System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adrenal glands | A small glad that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline. |
| Aldosterone | A corticosteroid hormone which stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidneys and so regulates water and salt balance. |
| RAAS | Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, a hormone system that regulates blood pressure, fluid, electrolyte balance, and systemic vascular resistance. |
| Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) | Acts to maintain blood pressure, blood volume, and tissue water content by controlling the amount of water and concentration of urine excreted by the kidney. |
| Excretion | The process of eliminating or expelling water mass. |
| Filtration | The removal or filtering of toxins and waste products from the blood by the kidney. |
| Glomerular Filtration | A blood test to check how well your kidneys work. |
| Kidney | cleanses the blood of toxins and transforms the water into urine. |
| Nephron | A filtering unit used to make up the kidneys. |
| Glomerulus | A cluster of capillaries around the end of a kidney tubule, where waste products are filtered from the kidney. |
| Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) | A segment of the renal tubule responsible for the reabsorption and secretion of various solutes and water. |
| Loop of Henle | Long U shaped tubule that conducts urine within each nephron. |
| Descending Limb | Permeable to water, absorption of water leads to an increasing osmotic gradient within the tubule by increasing the solute concentration. |
| Ascending Limb | Continuing off of the Depending limb, drains urine into the distal convoluted tubule. |
| Distal Convoluted Tubule | Regulates extracellular fluid volume and electrolyte homeostasis. |
| Collecting Duct | A long twisting tube that collects urine from the nephrons. |
| Vasa Recta | Long hairpin shaped capillaries that run parallel to the loop of Henle which help maintain the osmotic gradient required for water reabsorption. |
| Renal Calyx | Chambers of the kidney through which urine passes. |
| Major Calyx | Two or three minor calyces converge to form it. Urine passes before continuing through the renal pelvis into the ureter. |
| Minor Calyx | surrounds the renal papillae of each pyramid and collects urine from that pyramid. |
| Renal Pelvis | The area at the center of the kidney that collects urine and is funneled into the ureter. |
| Renal Artery | The main blood vessel that supplies blood to a kidney and its nearby adrenal gland and ureter. |
| Afferent Arteriole | An arteriole that feeds blood into the glomerulus. |
| Efferent Arteriole | A blood vessel in the urinary system that brings filtered blood from the glomerulus to the rest of the kidney and back to the general circulation. |
| Renal Vein | The main blood vessel that carries blood from the kidney and ureter to the inferior vena cava. |
| Secretion | Waste ions and hydrogen ions pass from the capillaries into the renal tubule |
| Ureter | the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder. |
| Urethra | The duct by which urine is conveyed out of the body from the bladder. |
| Urinalysis | A test of your urine. |
| Urinary bladder | A temporary storage reservoir for urine. |
| Urinary system | Function is to filter the blood and create urine as waste by product. |
| Urine | A watery, typically yellowish fluid stored in the bladder and discharged through the urethra as waste. |
Created by:
CassidyO
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