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A&P 1

Chapter 2: Chemical Level of Organization

TermDefinition
Hydrogen Bonds Electrical attraction between polar molecules; surface tension; give water many unique properties
Polar Molecules Attraction between slightly negative end and slightly positive end
Matter Made up of atoms; has mass and takes up space
Atoms Smallest stable unit of matter; smallest unit of element that retains it's properties; made up of protons, neutrons, electrons
Proton Positive charge; 1 mass unit
Neuron Neutral charge; 1 mass unit
Nucleus Contains protons and neutrons
Electron cloud Region where electrons are likely to be found; has different energy levels or shells
Normal Atom Number of electrons and protons are the same
Atomic Number Number of protons
Elements Determined by the atomic number; types of atoms with distinct characteristics
Valence Shells Outermost shell; where bonding occurs
Lowest Shell 2 electrons
Second Shell 8 electrons
Third Shell 8 Electrons (can hold 18)
Molecules Two or more atoms joined by strong bonds
Compounds Two or more atoms; different elements
Chemical Bonds Sharing, gaining, and losing of electrons between atoms; occurs in valence shells
Ionic Bonds Attraction between oppositely charged ions; draws two ions together
Cation Electron donor; loses one or more electrons; positive charge
Anion Electron acceptor; gains electrons; negative charge
Covalent Bonds Electrons shared between atoms; one electron is donated by each atom to make a pair of electrons
Single Covalent Bonds Sharing one pair of electrons
Created by: cjones162
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