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BMS 250 Lab
Lab 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Diffusion | net movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to low concentration; driven by potential energy of the concentration gradient |
| Osmosis | the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low concentration of nonpenetrating solute particles to an area of high concentration on nonpenetrating solute particles |
| Tonicity | the ability of a solution to change the volume or pressure of a cell by osmosis |
| Penetrating solute | solutes that can pass through a membrane |
| Nonpenetrating solute | solutes that cannot pass through a membrane |
| Isotonic solution | same concentration of solutes in the ECF than the ICF; no net flow of water |
| Hypertonic solution | higher solute concentration in the ECF than ICF; net movement of water out the cell resulting in crenation |
| Hypotonic solution | lower solute concentration in the ECF than the ICF: net movement of water into cell causing lysis |
| Hemolysis | rupturing erythrocytes |
| Crenation | shrinking of a cell |
| How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion? | molecules move faster |
| How does molecular weight affect the rate of diffusion? | smaller molecules move quicker |
| How does the steepness of a concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion? | more molecules clustered together causes greater distribution |
| Iso-osmotic solution | a solution that has the same osmolarity as that of the cytosol (ICF) of a typical erythrocyte (.30 Osm/L) |
| Hypo-osmotic solution | a solution that has a lower osmolarity than that of the cytosol (ICF) of a typical erythrocyte (<0.30 Osm/L) |
| Hyper-osmotic solution | a solution that has a higher osmolarity than that of the cytosol (ICF) of a typical erythrocyte (>0.30 Osm/L) |
| Appearance of cells, tonicity of solution, and solution appearance for 3.0% NaCl | crenated, hypertonic, turbid |
| Appearance of cells, tonicity of solution, and solution appearance for 0.85% NaCl | no change, isotonic, turbid |
| Appearance of cells, tonicity of solution, and solution appearance for 0.20% NaCl | hemolysis, hypotonic, transparent |
| Examples of nonpenetrating solutes | glucose, sodium chloride |
| Examples of penetrating solutes | urea |
| If a hypotonic solution is made up of penetrating particles... | both penetrating solutes and water move into the cell |
Created by:
kkade
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