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AP CHP 2
MOLECULES PART 1
| What is Chemistry? | Science that deals with structure of matter |
| Matter | Made of atoms, takes up space, and has mass |
| Mass | Amount of material in matter; weight w/ gravity |
| Atoms | Smallest stable units of matter; retains properties and characteristics of an element |
| Subatomic particles | Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons |
| Atomic Structure | Nucleus and Electron Cloud |
| Nucleus | Center of an atom |
| Electron Cloud | Spherical area outside nucleus; contains electrons |
| Electron Shell | 2D model of sphere cloud, has layers |
| Protons (+) | Positive charge, 1 mass unit(mu) |
| Neutrons (n0) | Neutral, 1 mass unit(mu) |
| Electrons (-) / (e-) | negative charge, low mass |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons in an atom |
| Element | Pure substance made of just 1 kind of atoms |
| Examples of natural element | Helium(He), Neon(Ne), Sodium/Natrium(Na), Carbon(C) |
| Common elements in humans | Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen; OCHN |
| Isotopes | Charge # of neutrons; versions of same element which have nuclei containing DIFFERENT # OF NEUTRONS |
| Mass number | # of protons + # of neutrons |
| Radioisotope | Isotope whose nucleus readily decays; half-life |
| Atomic weight | Average of all atomic masses of and elements different isotopes (all versions are added together) |
| AMU | atomic mass unit - atomic weight |
| Mole (mol) | counting unit, amount of substance that contains 6.022x1023 |
| Avogadros number | 6.022 x 1023 = 1 mol |
Created by:
barberalora11
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