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What is the reflexive movement of both eyes medially to view objects close to us?
a. Emmetropia
b. Convergence
c. Accommodation pupillary reflex
d. Photopupillary reflex
a. Emmetropia
b. Convergence
c. Accommodation pupillary reflex
d. Photopupillary reflex
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Question
What sign or symptom distinguishes Méniére's syndrome from sensorineural and conduction deafness?
a. Temporary hearing loss
b. Fusion of ossicles (otosclerosis)
c. Buildup of earwax
d. Vertigo
a. Temporary hearing loss
b. Fusion of ossicles (otosclerosis)
c. Buildup of earwax
d. Vertigo
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Anatomy
Senses/Endocrine/Cardio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the reflexive movement of both eyes medially to view objects close to us? a. Emmetropia b. Convergence c. Accommodation pupillary reflex d. Photopupillary reflex | b. Convergence |
| What sign or symptom distinguishes Méniére's syndrome from sensorineural and conduction deafness? a. Temporary hearing loss b. Fusion of ossicles (otosclerosis) c. Buildup of earwax d. Vertigo | d. Vertigo |
| The five taste sensations are ________. a. sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami b. sweet, sour, bitter, pasty, gritty c. sweet, sour, chewy, gritty, greasy d. sweet, salty, spicy, bitter, gritty | a. sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami |
| A person with total color blindness may lack ________. a. rods b. optic disc (blind spot) c. cones d. hair cells | c. cones |
| Our sense of static equilibrium is created by the ________. a. vibration of the tympanic membrane b. movement of otoliths along hair cells c. transmission of light through the lens d. sound waves traveling through the cochlea | b. movement of otoliths along hair cells |
| Where are the olfactory receptors located? a. Tongue b. Inner ear c. Nasal cavity d. Eye | c. Nasal cavity |
| The only special sense that is not fully functional at birth is ________. a. smell b. vision c. hearing d. touch | b. vision |
| If the hair cells in the spiral organ of Corti are damaged, what sense is impaired? a. Dynamic equilibrium b. Static equilibrium c. Smell d. Hearing | d. Hearing |
| The protective, outermost layer of the eye? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | C) fibrous layer |
| This layer contains a neural layer and a pigmented layer? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | A) sensory layer |
| This layer contains the blood-rich, pigmented choroid. A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | B) vascular layer |
| Photoreceptor cells are located in a portion of this layer? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | A) sensory layer |
| The cornea and sclera compose this layer? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | C) fibrous layer |
| The iris, pupil, and ciliary body are components of this layer? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | B) vascular layer |
| The fovea centralis is the point of greatest visual acuity in this layer? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | A) sensory layer |
| Vitamin A is stored in the pigmented layer of this layer? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | A) sensory layer |
| Rods and cones are situated in the neural layer of this layer? A) sensory layer B) vascular layer C) fibrous layer | A) sensory layer |
| Nearsightedness : A) presbyopia B) strabismus C) myopia D) color blindness E) conjunctivitis F) glaucoma | C) myopia |
| Increased pressure within the eye, which causes pain and possibly blindness: A) presbyopia B) strabismus C) myopia D) color blindness E) conjunctivitis F) glaucoma | F) glaucoma |
| "Crossed eyes": A) presbyopia B) strabismus C) myopia D) color blindness E) conjunctivitis F) glaucoma | B) strabismus |
| Most common form is the lack of red or green cone receptors: A) presbyopia B) strabismus C) myopia D) color blindness E) conjunctivitis F) glaucoma | D) color blindness |
| Inflammation of the conjunctiva: A) presbyopia B) strabismus C) myopia D) color blindness E) conjunctivitis F) glaucoma | E) conjunctivitis |
| :Decreased lens elasticity associated with aging: A) presbyopia B) strabismus C) myopia D) color blindness E) conjunctivitis F) glaucoma | A) presbyopia |
| Describe the pathway of sound waves that result in the sensation of hearing | Enter the pinna -> down the external acoustic canal -> tympanic membrane and vibrate. ->ossicles of the middle ear to vibrate, -> oval window-> fluids of the inner ear in motion.-> stimulates the hair cells of Corti->the cochlear nerve -> auditory cortex. |
| Water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using ________. a. direct gene activation b. the second-messenger system c. steroid hormone action d. diffusion | b. the second-messenger system |
| What gland is the target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), also known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)? a. Adrenal gland b. Pineal gland c. Pituitary gland d. Thyroid gland | d. Thyroid gland |
| Calcitonin is made by the ________ cells of the thyroid gland. a. follicle b. parafollicular c. beta d. alpha | b. parafollicular |
| In patients with Cushing's syndrome, the presence of a "moon face," a "buffalo hump" of fat on the upper back, hyperglycemia and high blood pressure are the result of excess production of ? a. epinephrine b. mineralocorticoids c. glucocorticoids | c. glucocorticoids |
| When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release ________ to decrease levels. a. epinephrine b. glucagon c. insulin d. growth hormone | c. insulin |
| What is the primary function of thymosin? a. Thymosin regulates the salt content of the blood, particularly sodium and potassium. b. Thymosin appears to be essential for the normal development of T lymphocytes. | b. Thymosin appears to be essential for the normal development of T lymphocytes. |
| How would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol, such as a sex hormone? a. Steroid hormone b. Amine hormone c. Prostaglandin d. Protein hormone | a. Steroid hormone |
| In the second-messenger system, what serves as the first messenger? a. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) b. DNA c. ATP d. The hormone | b. DNA |
| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid glands in response to low blood concentration of calcium ions. This mechanism operates by a ________. a. hormonal stimulus b. humoral stimulus c. neural stimulus d. messenger stimulus | b. humoral stimulus |
| Tia is 31 years old and has been diagnosed with acromegaly. Which hormone is she hypersecreting? a. Growth hormone (GH) b. Testosterone c. Estrogen d. Oxytocin (OXY) | a. Growth hormone (GH) |
| Where are the parathyroid glands located? a. On top of the kidneys b. Directly below the Adam's apple c. Within the mediastinum d. Posterior surface of the thyroid gland | d. Posterior surface of the thyroid gland |
| Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla? a. Sex hormones b. Aldosterone c. Cortisone d. Epinephrine (adrenaline) | d. Epinephrine (adrenaline) |
| The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called ________. a. cortisone b. renin c. cortisol d. vasopressin | b. renin |
| Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following is probably NOT one of her signs or symptoms? a. Bronze skin tone b. High blood pressure and edema c. Weak muscles d. Hypoglycemia | b. High blood pressure and edema |
| Where does the body store excess glucose as glycogen in response to the presence of insulin? a. Kidney b. Liver c. Spleen d. Pancreas | b. Liver |
| What is the largest artery in the body? a. Aorta b. Brachiocephalic artery c. Pulmonary trunk d. Common carotid artery | a. Aorta |
| Veins draining the head and arms empty into the ________, which carries blood to the right atrium of the heart. a. superior vena cava b. inferior vena cava c. common iliac vein d. great saphenous vein | a. superior vena cava |
| The single vessel that drains blood from the digestive tract organs to the liver is the ____. a. hepatic vein b. hepatic portal vein c. renal vein d. inferior vena cava | b. hepatic portal vein |
| Due to the presence of plasma proteins, what pressure draws fluids into capillaries? a. Blood pressure b. Systolic pressure c. Osmotic pressure d. Diastolic pressure | c. Osmotic pressure |
| The alternating expansion and recoil of an artery that occurs with each beat of the left ventricle creates a pressure wave known as a ________. a. cardiac output b. pulse c. pressure point d. stroke volume | b. pulse |
| Which of the following will promote vasodilation? a. Angiotensin II b. Exercise c. Epinephrine d. Heat | d. Heat |
| Sustained elevated arterial blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is a condition known as: a. circulatory shock b. myocardial infarction c. hypertension d. Hypotension | c. hypertension |
| Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the ________. a. body b. skin c. lungs d. brain | c. lungs |
| What structure divides the left ventricle from the right ventricle? a. Interventricular septum b. Interatrial septum c. Bicuspid valve d. Tricuspid valve e. Chordae tendineae | a. Interventricular septum |
| When the right ventricle contracts, which specific valve closes to prevent blood from flowing into the right atrium? a. Pulmonary semilunar valve b. Aortic semilunar valve c. Biscuspid valve d. Tricuspid valve | d. Tricuspid valve |
| Which system causes heart muscle to depolarize, atria first and then the ventricles? a. Intrinsic conduction system (nodal system) b. Somatic nervous system c. Sympathetic nervous system d. Autonomic nervous system | a. Intrinsic conduction system (nodal system) |
| Which vessel carries oxygen-poor blood from cardiac circulation to the right atrium of the heart? a. Coronary artery b. Coronary sinus c. Circumflex artery d. Pulmonary vein | b. Coronary sinus |
| Heart chamber with the thickest wall? A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | A) left ventricle |
| Inferior discharging chamber on the left side of the heart? A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | A) left ventricle |
| Heart chamber that pumps blood to the pulmonary trunk? A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | B) right ventricle |
| Heart chamber that contains the sinoatrial node? A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | D) right atrium |
| The bicuspid (mitral) valve is situated between the left atrium and this chamber: A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | A) left ventricle |
| The coronary sinus empties blood from cardiac circulation into this chamber: A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | D) right atrium |
| The four pulmonary veins return oxygen-rich blood to this chamber: A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | C) left atrium |
| The interatrial septum separates the right atrium from this chamber: A) left ventricle B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) right atrium | C) left atrium |
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