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Cardiovascular Sys.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anemia | A deficiency in the number and/or percentage of red blood cells and the amount of hemoglobin in the blood |
| Antibodies | Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body |
| antigen | A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody- These include A, B, & Rh |
| aorta | -the left ventricle pumps blood out of the heart and to the body via this arterial vessel |
| aortic valve | -the valve that prevents blood from back-flowing down the aorta |
| apex | tip / point of heart that tilts to the left, encroaching on your left lung |
| artery | A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart -- has stronger, thicker walls because they're under higher pressure |
| atrioventricular | -type of valve (AV valve) located between the atria & the ventricles-the tricuspid & bicuspid valves |
| auricle | the externally visible flaps that covers the atria of the heart |
| bicuspid / mitral valve | -the left atrioventricular valve that has two cusps |
| brachial artery | the artery that runs along the upper arm and elbow area where a pulse point can be found |
| cardio | type of exercise recommended for 30 min each day to improve heart health and decrease risk factors for cardiovascular disease |
| chordae tendineae | thin, fibrous cords connected from the AV valves to the papillary muscles |
| coagulation | blood clotting |
| coronary artery | an artery that supplies blood to the heart itself (specifically the myocardium) |
| diastole | the lessened force of blood as the ventricles relax (between 50-80 mmHg)--the last audible beat heard and the bottom number recorded in bp measurement |
| endocardium | -the innermost layer of the heart that lines the interior of the heart chambers and covers the valves of the heart |
| epicardium | -the outermost layer of the heart-it is also the innermost layer of the pericardial sac |
| Erythrocytes | -red blood cells-makes up the majority of living cells in the blood mixture (44%) |
| hematopoiesis | the formation of blood cells in the red bone marrow |
| hemoglobin | an iron rich protein, vital to the function of the red blood cell, helping it transport oxygen to the tissues and some carbon dioxide away from tissues |
| hemophilia | A hereditary disease where blood does not coagulate or blood clots abnormally slow |
| left atrium | the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the pulmonary veins |
| left ventricle | the left lower chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the body |
| Leukocytes | -white blood cells- makes up <0.5% of cells in the blood mixture |
| murmur | indication of some defect of the heart valve |
| myocardium | -the middle layer of the heart-makes up about two-thirds of the heart muscle |
| pacemaker | surgically implanted battery-operated electronic device to regulate the rhythm of the heart |
| plasma | -Fluid portion of blood-makes up about 55% of the blood mixture |
| platelet | -small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process-makes up <0.5% of the blood mixture |
| pulmonary artery | the artery carrying deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. |
| pulmonary valve | -the valve prevents blood from back-flowing down the pulmonary artery |
| pulmonary vein | the vein that carries oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium |
| radial pulse | the pulse felt at the wrist |
| Rh factor | the presence or absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells; if the Rh antigen is present, the blood is considered positive, & if the Rh antigen is absent, the blood is considered negative |
| right atrium | the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the venae cava |
| right ventricle | the right lower chamber of the heart that pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs |
| semilunar | -the pulmonary valve & the aortic valve -half-moon cusps that allows blood to flow from the ventricles to the lungs & the rest of the body -they don't need to be anchored like AV valves |
| septum | -divides something in half-the interventricular septum separates the right and left sides of the heart |
| stroke | the shutting off or interruption of the blood flow to the brain by plaques, a clot, or hemorrhage. |
| systole | pressure measured at the moment of the heart's contraction (between 110-140 mmHg) --the first audible beat heard and the top number recorded in bp measurement |
| tissue | Blood's level of organization is categorized as a _____________________ because it's a group of cells working together. |
| tricuspid | -the right atrioventricular valve that has three cusps |
| universal donor | type O- blood |
| universal receiver | type AB+ blood |
| vein | blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
| vena cava | -the vessel that provides the right atrium with deoxygenated blood from the body -the inferior & superior vena cava both enter into the right atrium |
| vital signs | Blood pressure measurements & heart rate. Measurements of the body's most basic functions and useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. |
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brittonsclassroom
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